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Science > Chemistry > Flashcards

Chemistry Flashcards

1
Q

what charge do electrons have?

A

Negative

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2
Q

Why did Mendeleev leave gaps in his periodic table

A

For elements that had not yet been discovered

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3
Q

Why is group 0 highly unreactive

A

They have a stable arrangement of electrons (full outer shell)

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4
Q

Sodium + water —>

A

Sodium hydroxide + hydrogen

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5
Q

Sodium + chloride —>

A

Sodium chloride

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6
Q

Sodium + oxygen

A

Sodium oxide

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7
Q

State the trend in boiling point down group 7

A

increases down the group

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8
Q

Potassium bromide + Chlorine —>

A

Potassium chloride + bromine

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9
Q

What type of reaction is this? Potassium bromide + chloride —> Potassium + bromine

A

Displacement reaction

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10
Q

How do you calculate the number of neutrons in an atom?

A

Mass number minus atomic number

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11
Q

what is an ion?

A

an atom which has lost or gained electrons

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12
Q

how many electrons can go in the first shell?

A

2

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13
Q

how many electrons can go in the second and third shell?

A

8

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14
Q

what is the definition of a displacement reaction?

A

A more reactive element will displace a less reactive element from a compound

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15
Q

are the halogens metals or non-metals?

A

non-metal

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16
Q

what colour flame is produced when potassium reacts with water?

A

lilac

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17
Q

group 7 are diatomic, what does this mean?

A

They exist in molecules made up of pairs of atoms e.g Br2

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18
Q

State the colour and state of chlorine at room temperature

A

green gas

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19
Q

state the colour and state of iodine at room temperature

A

Grey solid

20
Q

What happens to the number of electron shells down the group?

A

increase in the number of shells

21
Q

state the charge of all elements in group 1 when they become ions

A

+1

22
Q

State the charge of all the elements in group 7 when they become ions

A

-1

23
Q

Explain why group 1 gets more reactive down the group

A

Atoms get bigger down the group. Electrons is further away from the nucleus. Lose an electron more easily.

24
Q

Explain why group 7 gets less reactive down the group

A

More shielding down the group. Atoms get bugger down the group. Electron further way from nucleus. Electrons is gained less easily.

25
Q

What will you observe when sodium reacts with water?

A

Fizzes, melts, floats, moves and the surface disapears

26
Q

why did Mendeleev put some elements in groups?

A

Because they had similar chemical properties

27
Q

define atom

A

The smallest part of an element that can still be recognised as that element

28
Q

define element

A

A substance made of only one type of atom

29
Q

define compound

A

A substance made of two or more different atoms chemically bonded together

30
Q

What does soluble mean?

A

dissolvable in water

31
Q

what does insoluble mean?

A

not dissolvable in water

32
Q

describe the plum pudding model

A

A ball of positive charge with ELECTRONS embedded in it

33
Q

What scientist developed the plum pudding model?

A

JJ Thomson

34
Q

What discovery did the alpha particle scattering experiment (gold foil) lead to?

A

The atoms have a dense nucleus with a positive charge

35
Q

What did Bohr propose about electrons

A

electrons orbit at set energy levels

36
Q

What scientist provided evidence for neutrons in the nucleus?

A

James Chadwick

37
Q

State the tree subatomic particles

A

Protons neutrons and electrons

38
Q

State the MASSES of the subatomic particles

A

Proton=1 neutrons=1 electrons= very small

39
Q

State the RELATIVE CHARGES of subatomic particles

A

Protons= +1 neutrons= 0 electrons=-1

40
Q

How are the subatomic particles arranged in an atom?

A

Protons and neutrons in the nucleus, electrons orbiting the shells

41
Q

What is an isotope?

A

Atoms of the same element with a different number of neutrons

42
Q

What is the overall charge of an atom neutral?

A

There are the same number of protons (positive) as electrons (negative)

43
Q

State the overall charge of the nucleus. Why?

A

Positive, only made up of protons and neutrons.

44
Q

What is the ATOMIC number of an atom?

A

The number of protons in an atom

45
Q

What is the MASS number of an atom?

A

The number of protons and neutrons

46
Q

What is the name of group 1?

A

The alkali metals

47
Q

What is the name of group 7?

A

the halogens

Science (6 decks)

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