Chemistry Flashcards
(37 cards)
5 properties of metals
Shiny,malleable,good conductors, solid at room temperature,hard,.
In group 7..
The melting and density increases as you go down the group and the reactivity decreases as you go down the group.
In group 1..
The melting point decreases as you go down the group and the density and reactivity increases as you go down the group.
What are compounds?
Contains atoms of 2 or more elements and these atoms are chemically joined together.
How are the elements in the periodic table ordered in?
The elements are arranged in order of increasing atomic number (number of protons)
Horizontal= periods vertical = groups
What is a balanced equation?
Has the same number of each type of atom on each side of the arrow
What is an element?
Atoms that can not be broken down
Wha ti’s a metal?
An element that forms a positive ion
What is a non-metal?
An element which forms a negative ion
What is a native metal?
A metal which does not need to be extracted from its compound
What is reduction?
When an atom loses an oxygen atom
What is a ore?
Is a compound found in rock and is dug out of
the ground and contains enough métal that it is economical to extract it.
What is a base?
Is a substance that can react with acids and neutralise them. They are usually metal oxides, hydroxide and carbonates. If a base does dissolve in water, it is called an alkali
What are metal oxides?
They are metals that react with oxygen in the air. They are solid at room temperature and are bases unless they dissolve in water, they re an alkali
What are non-metal oxides?
When non-metals react with oxygen in the air. They are usually gases at room temperature and dissolve to form acids.
Word equation for acids and metals
Metal + acid ➡️ salt + hydrogen
What is the equation that links metal carbonate and hydrochloric/ sulfuric/ nitric acid
Metal carbonate + hydrochloric acid ➡️ salt + water + carbon dioxide.
What is the reactivity series?
Is a list of element in order of their reactivity. Least = platinum,gold,silver,copper,hydrogen,lead,tin,iron,zinc,carbon,aluminum,magnesium,calcium,sodium,potassium=most reactive
What are displacement reaction of metals?
A more reactive metal will displace a less reactive metal from its compound. This is because a more reactive metal is more stable as an ion.
What is an ion?
When atoms lose or gain electrons, they become ions
3 types of bases:
Copper oxide, sodium hydroxide,calcium carbonate
Word equation for all 3 types of bases
Metal oxide+ acid➡️salt ➕️ water
Metal hydroxide ➕️ acid ➡️ salt ➕️ water
Metal carbonate ➕️acid ➡️ salt ➕️ co2 ➕️ water
Describe the test for co2 gas
Bubble the gas through lime water and watch for it to turn from colourless to a cloudy milk colour. This happens because the calcium carbonate reacts with the calcium hydroxide in limewater.
What is a catalyst?
They speed up reactions and work by reducing the energy needed to start a reaction(activation energy)
