Chemistry

Question 1

What is polarity?

Answer 1

Polarity refers to the distribution of electric charge across a chemical bond between two atoms

Question 2

What are intramolecular forces?

Answer 2

Bonds that form within a molecule

Question 3

What are intermolecular forces?

Answer 3

Bonds formed between molecules

Question 4

What type of bonding involves the sharing of electrons between atoms?

Answer 4

Covalent bonding

Question 5

Fill in the blank: In an ionic bond, electrons are ______ between atoms.

Answer 5

transferred

Question 6

What type of bond forms between a metal and a nonmetal?

Answer 6

Ionic bond

Question 7

What type of bond forms between a nonmetal and a nonmetal?

Answer 7

Covalent bond

Question 8

What is a co-ordinate bond?

Answer 8

A covalent bond in which both of the shared pair of electrons come from 1 of the atoms

Question 9

What is a hydrogen bond?

Answer 9

A weak electrostatic attraction between a hydrogen atom and a highly electronegative atom such as:

• Nitrogen
• Oxygen
• Fluorine

Question 10

What is the primary force holding water molecules together?

Answer 10

Hydrogen bonding

Question 11

What is the shape of a water molecule due to its polarity?

Answer 11

Bent shape

Question 12

What determines the strength of a covalent bond?

Answer 12

The number of shared electrons

Question 13

What type of bond is formed between two atoms with similar electronegativities?

Answer 13

Nonpolar covalent bond

Question 14

What type of bond is formed between atoms with an electronegativity difference of 0.4 - 1.9

Answer 14

Polar covalent bond

Question 15

What type of bond is formed between atoms with an electronegativity difference of >2

Answer 15

Likely ionic

Question 16

What is a dipole?

Answer 16

a molecule or bond with opposite charges at its ends

Question 17

What is the VSEPR theory used for?

Answer 17

Predicting the shape of molecules based on the repulsion of electron pairs.

Question 18

What does VSEPR theory stand for?

Answer 18

Valence Shell Electron Pair Repulsion

Question 19

What is the bond angle in a water molecule?

Answer 19

104.5 degrees

Question 20

What Van der Waals?

Answer 20

A temporary attractive force that results from the movement of electrons in molecules.

Question 21

What type of forces are responsible for the surface tension of water?

Answer 21

Hydrogen bonding

Question 22

What is a van der Waals force?

Answer 22

Weak intermolecular forces between atoms or molecules.

Question 23

What is the strongest type of intermolecular force?

Answer 23

Hydrogen bonding

Question 24

What is a metallic bond?

Answer 24

A bond formed by the attraction between positively charged metal ions and delocalized electrons.

Question 25

What is the structure of a diamond?

Answer 25

A giant covalent structure where each carbon atom is covalently bonded to four others in a tetrahedral arrangement.

Question 26

What is the shape of a methane molecule?

Answer 26

Tetrahedral

Question 27

What type of bond is present in a nitrogen molecule (N2)?

Answer 27

Triple covalent bond

Question 28

What is the shape of a carbon dioxide molecule?

Answer 28

Linear

Question 29

What is the bond angle in a carbon dioxide molecule?

Answer 29

180 degrees

Question 30

What is the structure of a graphite crystal?

Answer 30

Layers of carbon atoms arranged in a hexagonal lattice.

Question 31

When do ions form?

Answer 31

When atoms gain or lose electrons by electron transfer

Question 32

What do the electrons in a covalent bond have?

Answer 32

Opposite spins

Question 33

What are cations

Answer 33

positive ions

Question 34

What are anions

Answer 34

negative ions

Question 35

What causes the ionic bond during ionic bonding?

Answer 35

The electrostatic force of attraction between 2 ions of opposite charge

Question 36

What does a single covalent bond contain?

Answer 36

Two electrons, one from each atom, shared between them with opposite spins

Question 37

What does a double covalent bond contain?

Answer 37

four electrons, two from each atom

Question 38

What’s the name for the electrons not used in bonding?

Answer 38

Lone electrons

Question 39

Why is nitrogen an unreactive gas?

Answer 39

It has strong triple covalent bonds

Question 40

What is added to crisp packets and why?

Answer 40

Nitrogen, as it’s an Unreactive gas due to its strong triple covalent bond

Question 41

What is an atom which has an empty orbital?

Answer 41

Electron deficient

Question 42

Give 3 examples of coordinate bonds forming

Answer 42

-between ammonia + boron trifluoride -hydrated proton (H30+) -ammonia ion (NH4+)

Question 43

Which element can expand its octet rule during ionic bonding and what to?

Answer 43

P, to 10 electrons in the outer shell

Question 44

What occurs between ions of the same charge?

Answer 44

Repulsion

Question 45

What IS a covalent bond?

Answer 45

Attractive force between the positive nuclei and the negative charge cloud of the shared electron pair

Question 46

Which shape has a bond angle of 180 degrees?

Answer 46

Linear

Question 47

Which shape has a bond angle of 120 degrees degrees?

Answer 47

Trigonal Planar

Question 48

Which shape has a bond angle of 109.5 degrees?

Answer 48

Tetrahedral

Question 49

Which shape has a bond angle of 120 degrees + 90 degrees?

Answer 49

Trigonal Bipyramidal

Question 50

Which shape has a bond angle of 90 degrees?

Answer 50

Octahedral

Question 51

What is the bond angle of a molecule with 2 lone pairs?

Answer 51

104.5 degrees

Question 52

What is the bond angle of a molecule with 1 lone pair?

Answer 52

107 degrees