Chemistry Flashcards

(44 cards)

1
Q

What is the basic unit of matter?

A

Atom

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2
Q

True or False: Atoms are made up of protons, neutrons, and electrons.

A

True

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3
Q

Fill in the blank: The center of an atom is called the ______.

A

nucleus

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4
Q

What charge do protons have?

A

Positive charge

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5
Q

What is the charge of electrons?

A

Negative charge

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6
Q

Which subatomic particle has no charge?

A

Neutron

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7
Q

What is the term for a substance made of only one type of atom?

A

Element

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8
Q

True or False: A compound is made up of two or more different types of atoms chemically bonded together.

A

True

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9
Q

What is the chemical formula for water?

A

H2O

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10
Q

What do we call a mixture that is uniform throughout?

A

Homogeneous mixture

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11
Q

What is an example of a heterogeneous mixture?

A

Salad

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12
Q

What is the process of a solid turning directly into a gas called?

A

Sublimation

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13
Q

Fill in the blank: The ______ is the smallest unit of a compound that retains its chemical properties.

A

molecule

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14
Q

What is the pH range of acids?

A

Less than 7

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15
Q

What is the pH range of bases?

A

Greater than 7

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16
Q

True or False: Neutral substances have a pH of 7.

A

True

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17
Q

What is the law that states matter cannot be created or destroyed?

A

Law of Conservation of Mass

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18
Q

What is the process of a liquid turning into a gas called?

19
Q

What do we call a chemical reaction that absorbs heat?

A

Endothermic reaction

20
Q

What do we call a chemical reaction that releases heat?

A

Exothermic reaction

21
Q

Fill in the blank: The periodic table organizes elements based on their ______.

A

atomic number

22
Q

What information does the atomic number of an element provide?

A

Number of protons in the nucleus

23
Q

What are vertical columns in the periodic table called?

A

Groups or families

24
Q

What are horizontal rows in the periodic table called?

25
Which group of elements is known as the noble gases?
Group 18
26
True or False: Metals are typically good conductors of electricity.
True
27
What is the main characteristic of nonmetals?
They are poor conductors of heat and electricity.
28
What is the term for a chemical bond formed by the sharing of electrons?
Covalent bond
29
What is the term for a chemical bond formed by the transfer of electrons?
Ionic bond
30
Fill in the blank: A solution is made when a solute is dissolved in a ______.
solvent
31
What is the most common solvent?
Water
32
What is concentration in a solution?
The amount of solute in a given volume of solvent.
33
What do we call a change in a substance that does not change its chemical composition?
Physical change
34
What is a chemical change?
A change that results in the formation of new substances.
35
True or False: Rusting is an example of a chemical change.
True
36
What is the main purpose of a catalyst in a chemical reaction?
To speed up the reaction without being consumed.
37
What is the unit of measurement for mass in the metric system?
Gram
38
What is the unit of measurement for volume in the metric system?
Liter
39
Fill in the blank: The temperature at which a solid becomes a liquid is called the ______.
melting point
40
What is the temperature at which a liquid becomes a gas called?
Boiling point
41
What do we call the process of separating a mixture using a filter?
Filtration
42
What is chromatography used for?
To separate mixtures based on different affinities.
43
What is the main focus of chemistry?
The study of matter and its interactions.
44