chemistry 25 Flashcards
(21 cards)
what is an atom
the basic building block of matter
what is a subatomic particle
a proton, neutron or electron
what is an ion
an atom or molecule that has gained or lost electrons, resulting in a net electrical charge
what is a cation
a positively charged ion
what is an anion
negatively charged ion
what is an ionic compound
formed when oppositely charged ions (cations and anions) are held together by strong forces
what is an acid
a substance that has a pH less than 7 and can donate hydrogen ions (H+)
what is a base
a substance that has a pH more than 7 and can donate hydroxide particles (OH-)
what is neutralisation
a chemical reaction between an acid and a base like salt and water and has a pH of 7
what is the pH scale
a measurement of acidity or basicity of a solution
what is an isotope
a variation of a chemical element that has the same number of protons but a different number of neutrons in its nucleus
what is a proton
a positively charged subatomic particle
what is an electron
a negatively charged subatomic particle
what is a neutron
a neutrally charged subatomic particle
what is the atomic model theory
a concept that describes the structure and beheviour of atoms
how do ionic bonds form
they form between metals and non metals
how do you name ionic compounds
the metal is always first and the non metal ends with ‘ide’
properties of bases
feels slippery, taste bitter, doesn’t react with metals
properties of acids
taste sour, conducts electricity, corrosive
example of neutralisation
NaOH (sodium hydroxide) + HCl (hydrochloric acid) = salt and water
