Chemistry

Question 1

Atom

Answer 1

Smallest unit of matter unique to a particular element

Question 2

Element

Answer 2

a substance made up on only one kind of element

Question 3

Nucleus

Answer 3

contains protons and neutrons

Question 4

protons

Answer 4

positively charges

all atoms have protons

protons give the nucleus a + charge

Question 5

neutron

Answer 5

neutral in charge

function as “stabilizers”

all atoms have one or more (except hydrogen)

Question 6

electrons

Answer 6

• charged (negative)

occupy orbit energy levels (shells) around the nucleus

attracted to positive charge of nucleus

atom always has the same amount of electrons and protons

determine the chemical properties of elements

Question 7

atomic number

Answer 7

the number of protons in an atom

different for each element

Question 8

atomic mass number

Answer 8

= # protons + # neutrons

Question 9

What are the 6 important elements for building organic molecules?

Answer 9

carbon

sulfur

phosphorous

oxygen

hydrogen

nitrogen

Question 10

What is the atomic number of Sodium (Na)?

11 protons

11 electrons

12 neutrons

Answer 10

11

Question 11

How many electrons, protons and neutrons does Na have?

Atomic Number = 11

Atomic Mass = 23

Answer 11

protons = 11

electronc = 11

neutrons = 12

Question 12

How many electrons can the first shell hold

Answer 12

no more than 2

Question 13

How many electrons can the second shell hold?

Answer 13

no more than 8

Question 14

How many electrons can the third shell hold?

Answer 14

8

Question 15

When is an atom most stable?

Answer 15

When all of its shells are full.