A pure substance composed of two or more different elements joined by chemical bonds - made of elements in a specific ratio that is always the same - A chemical formula is included - can only be separated by chemical means, not physical means

Chemistry Flashcards by Olivia Stibbe

What does WHMIS stand for

WORKPLACE HAZARDOUS MATERIALS INFORMATION SYSTEM

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What does HHPS

HAZARDOUS HOUSEHOLD PRODUCT SYMBOLS

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What are the different categories you can classify a substance into

Pure, mixture, element, compound, homogenius, heterogenius

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What is a pure substance`

A sample of matter that has definite chemical and physical properties [example, elements, atoms, molecules, compounds]

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What is an element

A pure substance that cannot be separated into simpler substances by physical or chemical means [this is the purest pure substance]

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What is a compound

A pure substance composed of two or more different elements joined by chemical bonds

made of elements in a specific ratio that is always the same
A chemical formula is included
can only be separated by chemical means, not physical means

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What is a mixture

A combination of two or more pure substances mixed together but not chemically combined

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give features of a mixture

Substances how to get there by physical forces, not chemical
No chemical change takes place
Each item retains its properties in the mixture
They can be separated physically

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What category is it if it is in the periodic table

Element

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What category is it if it has a chemical name

Compound

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What category is it if it has two compounds a one phase

A solution

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What category is it if it has two compounds into phases

hetero mix

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What is a physical property

Describes the physical appearance and description of a substance

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What are the categories for physical properties

Boiling or condensation point
Melting or freezing point
Malleability
Ductility
Color
State
Solubility
Crystal formation
Conductivity

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What is malleability

The ability to bent or rolled into sheets without Cumberland

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What is ductility

The ability to be stretched

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What is a chemical property

Describes the ability of a substance to change into a new substance

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What are the categories of chemical properties

Ability to burn
Flashpoint
Behaviour in air
Reaction in water
Reaction to heating

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What is flashpoint

The lowest temperature at which a flammable liquid will ignite in the air

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What is behavior in the air

The tendency to degrade, react or tarnish

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What is reaction in water

The tendency to corrode or dissolve in water

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What is reaction to heating

The tendency to melt or decompose

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What is a physical change

A change of state or form in which a new substance is not formed in you can get the original substance easily

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What changes are involved in physical changes

Melting, boiling, evaporation and condensation, crystallization, dissolving

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What is chemical change

a change in which a new substances formed and he cannot get the original substance back easily

How do you recognize a chemical change

A new substance is produced, a new colour or oder or taste is produced, heat or light is produced, bubbles of gas are formed, a precipitate is formed

What is a Precipitate

Adding to liquids to get a cloudy color [an insoluble solid]

What are the different parts of an Atom

Protons, neutrons, electrons

What is the symbol of a proton

Disassemble the neutron

n the power of zero

Symbol of an electron

What is the charge of the proton neutron electron

Positive, no charge, negative

Where is an electron located

On the outer orbits

How do you calculate The number of neutrons

Mass minus the atomic number [protons]

How to draw a bore Rutherford diagram

Draw nuclear us with the proton and neutron's in it and the outer orbit with electrons

How to draw the Lewis dot diagram

Draw the element symbol and the number of valence electrons

What is a valence electron

The electrons in the very outer orbit

What direction do periods go

Left to right

What directions do columns go

Up and down

WhatAre the different types of metals

Alkali metals, alkaline earth metals, transition metals

What are the nonmetals

Halogens, noble gases

What do you notice regarding the number of valence electrons in Rose [.]

Electrons go up by one [1 to 8]

Do you notice in regards to the number of valence electrons in columns [families]

Buttons on valence shells all the same

What is an ion

a charged Atom

What is a Cation

Positively charged Atom

What is in anion

Negatively charged Atoms

What is a compound

Two or more elements joined together and one compound

What are the limitations on ionic compounds

Compounds can only be made up of metal and nonmetal

How do you name ionic compounds

Take off the ending and add an IDE, only on the second element

What happens if there are subscripts on the compounds

Nothing when naming them

What is a polyatomic ion

A group of Adams with the net charge that act together as a group

What is a molecular compound

Is formed when nonmetals bond, these electrons are shared sub Yeomans have a full outer orbit

What is a covalent bond

A molecular compound

What's the difference between a molecular and ionic compound

Molecular shares electrons, compounds give or take electrons | Molecular is made up of nonmetals, compound made up of nonmetal and metal

What is a multivalent I own

And Atom that can have two different valence shells

What is a diatomic molecule

Elements that can be made molecules of themselves

What are the different diatomic molecules

I climbed brickst for our new home

Do you name molecular compounds

Add a prefix if there is more than one Atom to the first number and add a suffix of IDE to the end of the second Element Add a prefix always to the second one

What are the prefixes of molecular compounds

Mono, die, tri, tetra, penta, hexa, hepta, octa

How to balance equations

Make each element have the same number of sides

What are the different types of chemical reactions

Synthesis, decomposition, single displacement, double displacement, combustion

Describe synthesis

a + b = ab

Describe decomposition

ab = a+b

Describe single displacement

a +bc = ac + b

Describe double displacement

ab + cd = ad + cb

What is combustion

The rapid reaction of a substance with oxygen to produce oxide and energy; burning

What does combustion always involve

A fuel burning or reacting quickly with oxygen

What is always a reaction in combustion

Oxygen

What would happen if oxygen was not a reactant

It would not be combustion

What are the products of combustion

Oxide and energy

What do we normally use as fuel

Hydrocarbons

What are hydrocarbons made up of

Carbon and hydrogen

What are the two types of combustion

Complete and incomplete combustion

What is the general rule of complete combustion of hydrocarbons

General if a lot of oxygen is available, then hydrocarbons can be burnt

What Are the only products of complete combustion

Carbon dioxide, water, and energy

What color is the flame of complete combustion normally

Bluish

In general what is the reaction for complete combustion for hydrocarbons

CxHy + O2 = CO2 + H2O + Energy

What happens if you do not have a complete combustion

You end up with the sooty residue [carbon]

When is incomplete combustion occur?

When there is not enough oxygen

In general, what are the products of incomplete combustion

Carbon monoxide, carbon [sit], as well as carbon dioxide and H2O

What colors the flame is incomplete combustion normally happens

Orange

What is one of the products of incomplete combustion

Carbon monoxide in

What if hydrogen burns with oxygen

They form water and energy

What is the word used to produce hydrogen from water

Electrolysis

What ion is acid contains

Hydrogen

What ion is a base contain

Hydroxide

Is acid and bases water soluble

Yes

What does acid and base taste like

Sour, bitter

What is an acid feel like bass feel like

slimy, slippery

Do both acids and bases conduct electricity

yes

What do acids react with

Metals and carbonate

What do bases react

Protein

Give examples of household acids

Vinegar is [acetic acid], sour foods like lemon [citric acid], Vitamin C [ascorbic acid]

What symbol is an acid normal

H +

Are acids corrosive

Yes

Give examples of household bases

Antacid (al Hydroxide), baking soda [sodium bicarbonate], drain cleaner [sodium hydroxide

What to bases commonly contain

OH-

What is another word for basic

Alkaline

How do you identify if formula is an acid

When the chemical formula sex with H only one other non-metallic element

How do you name acids

Add the prefix 'Hydro' and suffix 'ic' it in the word acid

How do you name acids with a polyatomic ion

Polyatomic ion and ATE add the suffix 'ic' in the word acid Polyatomic ion ends in its add the suffix ous and the word acid Do not add Hydro

How do you determine the name of a base

Name The polyatomic ion positively charged metallic I am at the beginning of formula and add the word hydroxide to the end

How do you know if the formula is a base

There isn't OH at the end of the formula

Chemistry Flashcards

(103 cards)