chemistry

Question 1

physical property

Answer 1

a description of a substance that does not involve forming a new substance:

• colour
• texture
• density
• melting point
• malleable
• lustre

Question 2

period

Answer 2

a row of elements

Question 3

group

Answer 3

a column of elements, similar properties

Question 4

alkali metals

Answer 4

• first column of periodic table
• soft, highly reactive
• group 1

Question 5

alkaline earth metals

Answer 5

• second column on periodic table
• light, reactive
• group 2

Question 6

halogens

Answer 6

• seventeenth column on periodic table

- most reactive

Question 7

noble gases

Answer 7

• eighteenth column on the periodic table

- stable, rarely react with other chemicals

Question 8

electron

Answer 8

• negatively charged

- outside nucleus

Question 9

neutron

Answer 9

• neutral

- located in nulceus

Question 10

proton

Answer 10

• positively charged

- located in nucleus

Question 11

ion

Answer 11

charged particle that results when an atom gains or loses one or more electrons

Question 12

cation

Answer 12

positively charged ion

Question 13

anion

Answer 13

negatively charged ion

Question 14

ionic compound

Answer 14

a compound made up of one or more positive metal ions (cations) and one or more negative non-metal ions (anions)

Question 15

ionic bond

Answer 15

attraction of positive and negative ions in an ionic compound

Question 16

naming ionic compounds

Answer 16

-

Question 17

writing ionic compounds

Answer 17

-

Question 18

polyatomic ion

Answer 18

an ion made up of more than one atom that acts as a single particle

Question 19

covalent compound

Answer 19

a pure substance formed from two or more non-metals

Question 20

covalent bond

Answer 20

bond that results from the sharing of outer electrons between non-metal atoms

Question 21

diatomic molecules

Answer 21

HOFBrINCl

Question 22

naming covalent compounds

Answer 22

-

Question 23

writing covalent compounds

Answer 23

-

Question 24

reactant

Answer 24

a chemical, present at the start of a chemical reaction, that is used up during the reaction

Question 25

product

Answer 25

a chemical that is produced during a chemical reaction

Question 26

law of conservation of mass

Answer 26

the statement that in any given chemical reaction, the total mass of the reactants equals the total mss of the products

Question 27

synthesis reaction

Answer 27

a reaction in which two reactants combine to make a more complex product A + B --> AB

Question 28

decomposition reaction

Answer 28

a reaction in which a large or more complex molecule breaks down to form a simpler product AB --> A + B

Question 29

chemical property

Answer 29

a description of what a substance does as it changes into one or more new substances: - new colour appears - heat or light is produced - bubbles formed - gas produced - solid material (precipitate) formed