Chemistry

Question 1

how do you find the # of neutrons?

Answer 1

mass # - atomic #

Question 2

how do you find the number of protons?

Answer 2

atomic number

Question 3

how do you write standard atomic notation?

Answer 3

atomic mass
chemical symbol
atomic number

Question 4

how many elements are there and how many occur in nature?

Answer 4

118 elements

90 occur in nature

Question 5

columns of elements share what things?

Answer 5

properties

Question 6

valence electrons numbers:

Answer 6

2, 8, 8, 18

Question 7

where are the protons, neutrons, and electrons located?

Answer 7

protons: nucleus
neutrons: nucleus
electrons: outer orbit (valence electrons)

Question 8

do some BR diagrams

Answer 8

neutrons on top, protons on bottom

Question 9

lewis dot diagrams

Answer 9

last shell of electrons only

Question 10

how do you recognize that it’s a chemical change?

Answer 10

1. new substance is produced
2. a new odour/taste and/or colour is produced
3. heat or light is produced
4. bubbles of gas are formed
5. a precipitate (insoluble solid) is formed

Question 11

what is a compound?

Answer 11

2 or more elements combined chemically to form one compound.

Question 12

what are ionic compounds?

Answer 12

made up of metal (negative ions) and non-metal (positive ions)

Question 13

practice lewis diagram to ionic bond

Answer 13

:)

Question 14

formula for chemical formulas and composition of compounds:

Answer 14

metal named first then non-metal –> ide

ex. sodium chloride –> NACL

Question 15

writing formulas with multivalent metals:

Answer 15

ex. Iron (II) oxide –> FEO

Question 16

naming multivalent metals:

Answer 16

ex. Ni2O –> Ni (I) oxide

Question 17

practice polyatomic ions:

Answer 17

don’t end in “ide”

Question 18

practice covalent/molecular compounds:

Answer 18

:)

Question 19

what are the prefixes?

Answer 19

1-mono
2-di
3-tri
4-tetra
5-penta
6-hexa
7-hepta
8-octa
9-nona
10-deca

*if there is only one of the first element, skip the prefix (mono) but you would put mono if tere is only one for the second element

Question 20

write the names for the covalent compounds

Answer 20

ex. Silicon DiOxide

Question 21

ionic has what?

Answer 21

both metals and non-metals in it

Question 22

practice balancing equations:

Answer 22

:)

Question 23

***what do we need HOFBrINCl for?

Answer 23

????

Question 24

practice word equations

Answer 24

:)

Question 25

``` what do: aq s g l stand for? ```

Answer 25

aq - water s - solid g - gas l - liquid

Question 26

practice naming acids:

Answer 26

- must have H in the beginning - ate --> ic - ite --> ous - ide --> "hydro" at the beginning end in "ic"

Question 27

what are the types of chemical reactions?

Answer 27

- synthesis - decomposition - single displacement - double displacement - combustion

Question 28

what is synthesis?

Answer 28

- two simple reactants combine to make one larger or more complex product ex. A + B --> AB

Question 29

what is decomposition?

Answer 29

- single compound breaks down into smaller compounds or elements - will always have only one compound as a reactant ex. AB --> A + B (2 or more)

Question 30

what is single displacement?

Answer 30

- one element replaces another in a compound (metal will take another metal's place) ex. A + BC --> B + AC

Question 31

what is double displacement?

Answer 31

- two elements replace one another | ex. AB + CD --> AD + CB

Question 32

what is combustion?

Answer 32

- rapid reaction of fuel with oxygen. a hydrocarbon will always produce carbon dioxide and water in an ample supply of oxygen ex. CS2 + O2 --> CO2 + 2SO2

Question 33

what are the properties of acids?

Answer 33

- contain H+ - water-soluble - sour - corrosive - conduct electricity

Question 34

what are the properties of bases?

Answer 34

- contain OH1- - soluble in water - bitter - slippery - corrosive - conduct electricity another word for basic is alkaline

Question 35

bromthymol blue indicator:

Answer 35

acid - yellow | base - blue

Question 36

phenolphthalein indicator:

Answer 36

acid - colourless | base - pink

Question 37

litmus paper test:

Answer 37

acid - red | base - blue

Question 38

what is the pH scale used to measure?

Answer 38

how acidic or basic a substance is

Question 39

what numbers are a strong acid?

Answer 39

1,2 weak acid --> 3,4,5,6

Question 40

what number is a strong base?

Answer 40

13,14 weak base --> 8,9,10,11,12

Question 41

what is the number for neutral on pH scale? ex. distilled water

Answer 41

7

Question 42

learn logarithmic scale (pH)

Answer 42

:)

Question 43

what happens when an acid reacts with a base?

Answer 43

makes water (neutralization)