Chemistry Flashcards
(32 cards)
Why does the melting point of an impure substance chane?
Disrupted structure,
Intermolecular forces-change
Kc (equilibrium constant) formula
Product/reactants
Number in front of element»_space; ยกกำลัง
HF HCl HBr HI
Boiling point and reason
Highest
HF - hydrogen bonds
London forces HI - most electrons HBr HCl - least electrons Lowest
Structural isomers includes…
Functional group
Chain
Position
Examples of hydrides…
Ionic hydride hydrides : LiH
Covalent hydrides: HF
‘A’ is the conjugate acid of ‘B’ meaning
A is made from B and H+
B must be a base
Acid is…
Bronsted Lowry»_space; proton donor
Lewis»_space; electron pair receiver
Arrhenius» produce H+ ions when dissolved
All Bronsted is Lewis but not all Lewis is Bonstred
KE gas law
1.5RT
Where R is 8.3145 J mol-1 K-1
Effects on KE
- Increase mole (constant pressure and volume)
- Increasing pressure (constant Volume and mole)
- increasing volume (constant pressure and mole)
KE…
1) no effect
2) increase
3) increase temp thus KE
Celcius and Kelvin
0C= 273K
R (ideal gas constant)
8.314 J mol-1 K-1
Lithium flame test
Red
Sodium flame test
Yellow-orange
Potassium flame test
Purple
Rubidium flame test
Red
Caesium flame test
Blue-violet
Calcium flame test
Orange-red
Stronium flame test
Red
Barium flame test
Pale green
Copper flame test
Blue-green
Lead flame test
Greyish white
Naoh + warm =
Ammonia produced
Test for nh4+
Acidified Barium chloride solution
White ppt
Test for So4 (2-) ions
Acidified silver nitrate (agno3)
ppt colour?
Ammonia
Dissolve in dilute?
Excess?
UV
Turns what colour
Cl-
White ppt
Dissolve in dilute
Purple
Br-
Cream ppt
Dissolve in concentrated
Green
I-
Yellow ppt
Insoluble
No change
