chemistry ch 5 Flashcards
(30 cards)
mendelev
organized the 1st periodic table, based on atomic mass
Moseley
reorganized periodic table based on atomic number
periodic law
properties of elements repeat periodically
lanthanides
elements 58 - 71, 4f
actinides
elements 90 -103, 5f
group 1
alkaline metals except hydrogen, soft and reactive, have 1 outer electron
octet rule
need 8 electrons to be happy
group 2
alkaline earth metal, not as soft or reactive, has 2 outer electrons
groups 3 - 12
transition elements, has 2 outer electrons
what form is group d?
solid except for mercury
group 17
halogens, nonmetals, 7 outer electrons, reactive
group 18
noble gases, 8 outer electrons except helium which has 2 outer electrons
atomic radius
radius of an atom
ion
atom that has gained or lost an electron
positive ions are ?
smaller, have lost an electron
negative ions are ?
bigger, has gained an electron
ionic radius
radius of an ion
T to B - ionic radius
larger, smaller pull from nucleus to left to right
L to R - ionic radius
smaller, pull from nucleus
Group 15
increase in size, changed to making negative ions
ionization energy
energy to remove electron from atom
T to B - ionization energy
less, large atoms care less about outer level
L to R - ionization energy
more, they’re closer to having 8 electrons
electron affinity
how much will an atom give to get an electron
