Chemistry Core

Question 1

Rain containing dissolved sulphur dioxide and nitrogen oxides

Answer 1

Acid rain

Question 2

The layer of gases that surrounds the earth

Answer 2

Atmosphere

Question 3

Smallest particle (of an element) capable of existing on its own

Answer 3

Atom

Question 4

Fuel produced from renewable plant material (biomass)

Answer 4

Biofuel

Question 5

A device fitted to a vehicle exhaust that changes waste gases to less harmful ones.

Answer 5

Catalytic converter

Question 6

A chemical reaction that occurs when fuel burns in oxygen releasing heat

Answer 6

Combustion

Question 7

A substance consisting of two or more elements chemically joined together

Answer 7

Compound

Question 8

A substance consisting of only one type of atom

Answer 8

Element

Question 9

Gases in the atmosphere which absorb infra-red radiation (e.g. water vapour, carbon dioxide, methane and ozone)

Answer 9

Greenhouse gas

Question 10

Organic compounds consisting of only carbon and hydrogen.

Answer 10

Hydrocarbons

Question 11

A chemical that can harm the environment and health

Answer 11

Pollutant

Question 12

The substances formed as a result of a chemical reaction.

Answer 12

Products

Question 13

A substance that takes part in, and undergoes change during a reaction.

Answer 13

Reactant

Question 14

A source that will not run out

Answer 14

Renewable

Question 15

A type of rock made from layers of compressed sediment

Answer 15

Sedimentary

Question 16

Acidic compounds such as sulphur dioxide are removed from power station emissions through reaction with an alkali or base and water.

Answer 16

Wet scrubbing

Question 17

The process by which raw chemicals are made into new products

Answer 17

Chemical synthesis

Question 18

A liquid mixture of hydrocarbons found in rocks

Answer 18

Crude Oil

Question 19

A solid formed by a regular, repeating 3D arrangement of particles

Answer 19

Crystalline

Question 20

Mixture of hydrocarbons with similar boiling points separated from crude oil

Answer 20

Fraction

Question 21

The separation of the components in a liquid mixture into fractions which differ by boiling point (and hence chemical composition) by means of distillation, typically using a fractionating column.

Answer 21

Fractional distillation

Question 22

A small hydrocarbon molecule containing a double bond.

Answer 22

Monomer

Question 23

A unit used to describe the various ‘nano’ things

Answer 23

nanometer

Question 24

The control and production of materials on the nanoscale

Answer 24

Nanotechnology

Question 25

A material added to a plastic to make it more flexible by allowing molecules to slide over each other

Answer 25

Plasticiser

Question 26

A giant long-chained hydrocarbon

Answer 26

Polymer

Question 27

The joining of monomers to make a polymer

Answer 27

Polymerisation

Question 28

Salt water, NaCl in solution.

Answer 28

Brine

Question 29

The process by which an electric current causes a solution to undergo chemical decomposition.

Answer 29

Electrolysis

Question 30

When rocks are broken down weathering – from things such as the rain or the wind

Answer 30

Erosion

Question 31

When a liquid turns to gas

Answer 31

Evaporation

Question 32

A multi-step analysis of the environmental of an object from manufacture through to disposal.

Answer 32

Life Cycle Assessment

Question 33

A pure solid element or compound that is found in the Earth’s crust

Answer 33

Mineral

Question 34

To add oxygen to an element or compound, or to remove electrons

Answer 34

Oxidise

Question 35

When particles of a solid that have been carried by a river settle out on the bottom of a river or ocean.

Answer 35

Sedimentation

Question 36

NaCl, Table salt.

Answer 36

Sodium Chloride

Question 37

Meeting the needs of today without damaging the future

Answer 37

Sustainable

Question 38

Produced by combustion of fossil fuels

Answer 38

Carbon dioxide

Question 39

A lethal, odourless gas that results from the incomplete combuction of carbon and its compounds

Answer 39

Carbon monoxide

Question 40

gaseos molecules containing nitrogen and oxygen atoms according to the formula NOx . these pollutants are formed due to the high temperatures created by the combustion of fossil fuels.

Answer 40

Nitrogen oxide

Question 41

pollutant gas released from burning sulphur- containing fuels, which cause acid rain.

Answer 41

Sulphur dioxide

Question 42

a tiny bit of a solid

Answer 42

particulate

Question 43

being able to draw a conclusion form two variables in a set of data, how one effects the other.

Answer 43

Correlation

Question 44

a compound produced by polymerisation, capable of being moulded into various shapes or drawn into filaments and used as textile fibres

Answer 44

Plastic

Question 45

a measure of resistance of a solid to a pulling or stretching force

Answer 45

Tensile strength

Question 46

a measure of the resistance of a solid to bending forces

Answer 46

Stiffness

Question 47

bonds that link one polymer chain to another

Answer 47

Cross links

Question 48

a very tiny particle, whose size can be measured in nanometers

Answer 48

Nanoparticle

Question 49

secton of earth's crust that slowly moves relative to other plates

Answer 49

Tectonic plates

Question 50

a type of polymer (polyvinylchloride)

Answer 50

PVC