Chemistry Formulas

Question 1

Dilution

Answer 1

(M₁V₁)=(M₂V₂)

concentrate₁= dilution₂

Question 2

Mass → Moles

Answer 2

conversion factor:

1 mole / total molar mass of the compound

Question 3

M/Molarity

Answer 3

Molarity= moles/Liters (M=m/L)
L= moles/M (L=m/M)
moles = (L)(M) (m=LM)

Question 4

Moles → Atoms

Answer 4

(moles)(6.022×10²³)=atomis

Question 5

Molar Mass or grams/mole

Answer 5

sum of atomic masses of all the compounds

Question 6

Synthesis Reaction

Answer 6

A + B → AB

Question 7

Decomposition Reaction

Answer 7

AB → A + B

Question 8

Single Replacement Reaction

Answer 8

A + BC → B + AC

Question 9

Double Replacement Reaction

Answer 9

A⁺B⁻ + C⁺D⁻ → A⁺D- + C⁺B⁻

Question 10

Volume of a cube

Answer 10

(height)(width)(length)

Question 11

Farenheit→Celcius

Answer 11

C= (F-32)/1.8

Question 12

Neutralization Reaction

Answer 12

Acid + Base= Soluble Salt + Water

Question 13

Combustion Reaction

Answer 13

Hydrocarbon + Oxygen = O₂+ Water

Question 14

Ionic Compounds

Answer 14

Metal + Nonmetal

Question 15

Molecular Compounds

Answer 15

Nonmetal + Nonmetal

Question 16

Speed of Light

Answer 16

c = 300,000 km/s or 3.0 x 10⁸ m/s

Question 17

Charle’s Law

Answer 17

V₁/T₁=V₂/T₂

Question 18

Gay-Lussac’s Law

Answer 18

P₁/T₁=P₂/T₂

Question 19

Avogadro’s Law

Answer 19

V₁/n₁=V₂/n₂

Question 20

Ideal Gas Law

Answer 20

PV=nRT

Question 21

Gas Constant (R)

Answer 21

R= (0.0821L * atm / k * mol)

Question 22

Boyle’s Law

Answer 22

P₁/V₁=P₂/V₂

Question 23

symbol for wavelength + unit

Answer 23

λ (lambda)

unit: meters

Question 24

symbol for frequency + unit

Answer 24

ν (nu),

unit: sec, Hz

Question 25

symbol for speed of light + unit

Answer 25

c, | unit: meters/sec

Question 26

What is the relationship between frequency, wavelength, and speed of light?

Answer 26

λν=c

Question 27

Formula for the amount of energy in 1 photon

Answer 27

E=hf

Question 28

meters → nanometers

Answer 28

1m = 10⁹nm

Question 29

What is the Rydberg constant?

Answer 29

1.097x10⁷m⁻¹

Question 30

What is the Aufbau principle?

Answer 30

The order in which an atom will fill up its orbital

Question 31

What is Hund's Rule?

Answer 31

For electrons of the same energy, 1 electron goes in each orbital first before doubling up.

Question 32

What are the 4 quantum numbers?

Answer 32

n, L, mʟ, ms

Question 33

What quantum number denotes the shape of an atomic orbital?

Answer 33

L : angular momentum quantum number

Question 34

What quantum number denotes the specific orbital of an atomic orbital?

Answer 34

mʟ

Question 35

What quantum number denotes the spin of an atomic orbital?

Answer 35

ms

Question 36

What quantum number denotes the energy level of an atomic orbital?

Answer 36

n : principle quantum number

Question 37

What is Pauli's Exclusion Principle?

Answer 37

Each electron has a unique set of 4 quantum numbers

Question 38

Define Paramagnetic

Answer 38

An atom has unpaired electrons in its electron configuration.

Question 39

Define Diamagnetic

Answer 39

All electrons in an atom are paired. (Look at its orbital diagram)

Question 40

What is the main idea behind VSEPR theory?

Answer 40

electrons repel each other. As a result, the atoms in a molecule tend to separate as far as they can.

Question 41

Define electronegativity

Answer 41

An atoms ability to attract electrons that are shared in a chemical bond

Question 42

What is an anion?

Answer 42

A negatively charged atom or molecule

Question 43

What is an cation?

Answer 43

A positively charged atom or molecule

Question 44

What is molecular vs empirical formula?

Answer 44

molecular formulas tell you how many atoms of each element are in a compound empirical formulas tell you the simplest or most reduced ratio of elements

Question 45

mL→ L

Answer 45

1L/1000mL

Question 46

What is a polar covalent bond?

Answer 46

A covalent bond where electrons are not shared equally

Question 47

Which atom is usually the most central in lewis structure?

Answer 47

the least electronegative element

Question 48

On the periodic table, which direction is more electronegative?

Answer 48

Diagonally toward the upper right hand corner

Question 49

Torr → atm

Answer 49

1 amu / 760 torr

Question 50

cm³ → mL

Answer 50

1 cm³ / 1 mL

Question 51

Define a "lone pair" of electrons

Answer 51

2 dots together in a lewis dot structure

Question 52

Atoms on the right side of the table like to __1__ electrons when forming bonds, while atoms on the left like to __2__ electrons.

Answer 52

1. acquire | 2. give up