Chemistry Homologous Series

Question 1

What are saturated hydrocarbons

Answer 1

All the carbon atoms are connected by a (single) bond

Question 2

What are unsaturated hydrocarbons

Answer 2

The carbon atoms have atleast 1 c=c double bond

Question 3

What are all the prefixes from carbon 1-8

Answer 3

Meth,Eth,prop,but,pent,hex,hept,oct

Question 4

What is an addition reaction

Answer 4

2 or more molecules are added to make a bigger one

Question 5

What is an exothremic reaction

Answer 5

Exothrrmic reactions releases heat energy and causes the temperature to increase

Question 6

What is an endothermic reaction

Answer 6

And endothermic reaction are chemical reactions that take in heat energy causing temperature to decrease

Question 7

What is molecular formula of propane

Answer 7

C3H8

Question 8

Full structural formula of propane

Answer 8

H-C-C-C-H
H H H

Question 9

Shortened formula of propane

Answer 9

Ch3ch2ch3

Question 10

What is the gas test for oxygen

Answer 10

Relights a glowing splint

Question 11

What is gas test for hydrogen

Answer 11

Burns with a squeaky pop

Question 12

What is the gas test for carbon dioxide

Answer 12

Turns like water cloudy

Question 13

What do you do in calculating mass

Answer 13

Number x gfm

Question 14

What do you do in calculating moles

Answer 14

Mass divide gfm n=m

Question 15

What is a combustion reaction

Answer 15

A combustion reaction occurs when a substance reacts with oxygen releasing energy in the form of heat and or light. For Hydrocarbons and alcohols they react with oxygen to produce H2O and CO2

Question 16

Describe a metallic bond 🌊

Answer 16

A metallic bond is the electrostatic force of attraction between positively charged metal ions and the sea of delocalised electrons

Question 17

Properties of metallic bonding

Answer 17

Metallic elements can conduct electricity at any time because they have delocalised electrons

Question 18

what happens during extraction

Answer 18

During extraction metal ions are reduced to form metal atoms.
(The higher a metal is on the electrochemical series the harder it is too extract it from its ore)

Question 19

Describe electrolysis

Answer 19

A method of extraction that uses electricity to decompose an ionic compound into its elements. this involves passing an electric current through an electrolyte causing chemical changes at the electrodes

Question 20

what is the meaning of the term electrolyte solution

Answer 20

An electrolyte solution that contains ions and can conduct electricity

Question 21

What is a polymer

Answer 21

Long-chain molecules formed by the joining together of many small repeating units called monomers together through chemical bonds

Question 22

State what addition polymerisation is

Answer 22

A chemical reaction where unsaturated monomers join together through an addition reaction to form a polymer

Question 23

State the definition of a monomer

Answer 23

A monomer is a small molecule which joins together with other monomers to make a polymer

Question 24

What is a repeating unit

Answer 24

A repeating unit is the smallest section of the polymer which repeats to make up the whole chain

Question 25

State the properties of ammonia

Answer 25

Ammonia is a colourless gas with a distinctive smell, is very soluble in water and forms an alkaline solution, reacts with acids to form ammonium salt+water

Question 26

Name the components used in the Ostwald process

Answer 26

Ammonia oxygen and water +Platinum (catalyst) > nitric acid

Question 27

What is radioactive decay

Answer 27

An unstable atomic nuclei become stable by emitting radiation in the form of alpha,beta,gamma. This helps the nucleus lose energy and reach a more stable state

Question 28

State what is needed to stop alpha beta and gamma radiation

Answer 28

Paper, aluminium, thick concrete or lead

Question 29

Nuclide notation of alpha and beta

Answer 29

4 He 0 -1e 2

Question 30

State the definition of half life

Answer 30

The time taken for Half of the radioactive nuclei to decay

Question 31

State the addition reaction Hydrogenation

Answer 31

Reaction between an alkene and H2 forming an alkane

Question 32

Describe addition reaction hydration

Answer 32

A reaction between an alkene and water which forms an alcohol

Question 33

Describe Alkenes reacting with Halogens

Answer 33

Form dihaloalkanes

Question 34

Definition of an atoms relative atomic mass RAM

Answer 34

the average mass of all the naturally occurring atoms of an elecment Pg 7 databoolklet

Question 35

State the definition of a neutralisation reaction

Answer 35

A neutralisation reaction is when a base and an acid react together to form a neutral solution and a salt

Question 37

What is a solute

Answer 37

The substance that is dissolved in a solvent

Question 38

What is a solvent

Answer 38

A liquid that dissolves the solute

Question 39

What is a solution

Answer 39

A mixture formed when a solute is dissolved in a solvent

Question 41

What is a base

Answer 41

Bases are substances that react with acids- bases which dissolve in water are alkalis