Chemistry intro

Question 1

The science that deals with the composition, structures, and properties of matter and how matter changes under different conditions

Answer 1

chemistry

Question 2

Any substance that occupies space and has mass

Answer 2

matter

Question 3

The simplest form of chemical matter and contains only one type of atom

Answer 3

element

Question 4

How many types of elements are known to science today?

Answer 4

118

Question 5

Of the elements, now many occur naturally on Earth?

Answer 5

98

Question 6

What do you call an element that does not occur naturally on Earth?

Answer 6

synthetic element

Question 7

The word used to describe a substance that contains the element carbon

Answer 7

organic

Question 8

The basic unit of matter

Answer 8

atoms

Question 9

Atoms have a nucleus that is surrounded by negatively charged _______

Answer 9

electrons

Question 10

The nucleus of an atom consists of ________ and ________

Answer 10

protons and neutrons

Question 11

The number of protons equals the number of ________

Answer 11

electrons

Question 12

________ cannot be divided into simpler substances by ordinary chemical means

Answer 12

atoms

Question 13

This is a chemical combination of two or more atoms in definite (fixed) proportions

Answer 13

molecule

Question 14

This is a molecule containing two or more atoms of the same element in definite proportions

Answer 14

elemental molecule

Question 15

This type of molecule is a chemical combination of two or more atoms of different elements in definite proportions

Answer 15

compound molecule

Question 16

This is a change in the form or physical properties of a substance without a chemical reaction or the creation of a new substance

Answer 16

physical change

Question 17

This is a change in the chemical composition or makeup of a substance

Answer 17

chemical change

Question 18

This is the term for characteristics that can be determined without a chemical reaction and do not involve a chemical change in the substance

Answer 18

physical properties

Question 19

Color, solubility, odor, density, melting point, boiling point, hardness, and glossiness are examples of…

Answer 19

physical properties

Question 20

These are characteristics that can be determined only by a chemical reaction and involve a chemical change in the substance

Answer 20

chemical properties

Question 21

The ability of iron to rust, wood to burn, or hair to change color through the use of hydrogen peroxide are examples of…

Answer 21

chemical properties

Question 22

This is the term for a chemical combination of matter in definite proportions

Answer 22

pure substance

Question 23

This is a term for a physical combination of matter in any proportion

Answer 23

physical mixture

Question 24

When liquids are mutually soluble and can be mixed together to form solutions, they are described as…

Answer 24

miscible

Question 25

When liquids are not capable of being mixed together to form a stable solution, they are described as...

Answer 25

immiscible

Question 26

When two immiscible liquids are combined/shaken up together, they temporarily form...

Answer 26

suspensions

Question 27

This is an unstable physical mixture of undissolved particles in a liquid

Answer 27

suspensions

Question 28

This is an unstable physical mixture of two or more immiscible substances, plus an emulsifier

Answer 28

emulsion

Question 29

This substance is miscible, has no surfactant, is stable, usually clear, has small particles

Answer 29

solution

Question 30

This substance is slightly miscible, has no surfactant, has larger particles, is unstable, usually cloudy

Answer 30

suspension

Question 31

This substance is immiscible, includes a surfactant, is largest in size, has limited stability through an emulsifier, usually a solid color

Answer 31

emulsion

Question 32

Also known as an emulsifier, this will allow oil and water to mix

Answer 32

surfactant

Question 33

The head of a surfactant molecule is ______ while the tail is _______

Answer 33

hydrophilic (water-loving); lipophilic (oil-loving)

Question 34

Give an example of a water-in-oil emulsion

Answer 34

cold cream, suntan lotion, styling cream, foot balms

Question 35

Give an example of an oil in water emulsion

Answer 35

most skincare

Question 36

This type of alcohol evaporates easily

Answer 36

volatile alcohols

Question 37

An alkaline substance used to neutralize acids or raise the pH of many hair products

Answer 37

alkanolamines

Question 38

A colorless gas composed of hydrogen and nitrogen with a pungent odor

Answer 38

ammonia

Question 39

A sweet, colorless, oily substance, used as a solvent and as a moisturizer

Answer 39

glycerin

Question 40

A special type of oil used in hair conditioners, water-resistant lubricants for the skin, and nail polish dryers

Answer 40

silicones

Question 41

A term that refers to how prolonged, repeated, or long-term exposure to certain product ingredients can cause sensitivity in some people

Answer 41

overexposure