Chemistry Module 4

Question 0

How do you test for sulphate ions?

Answer 0

Barium chloride

Question 1

How do you test for dissolved ions?

Answer 1

Precipitation reactions

Question 2

How do you test for halide ions?

Answer 2

Silver nitrate

Question 3

What colour precipitate does chlorine make?

Answer 3

White

Question 4

What colour precipitate do bromide ions make?

Answer 4

Cream

Question 5

What colour precipitate do iodide ions make?

Answer 5

Pale yellow

Question 6

What is thermal decomposition?

Answer 6

Breaking down using heat

Question 7

What is precipitation?

Answer 7

When a solid forms in solution

Question 8

When you react some soluble transition metal compounds with sodium hydroxide, what do you get?

Answer 8

An insoluble hydroxide

Question 9

What do you use precipitation tests to test for?

Answer 9

Transition metal ions

Question 10

Where does the UK get water from?

Answer 10

Surface water and ground water

Question 11

What are the steps to purify water in water treatment plants?

Answer 11

Filtration- mesh takes out twigs etc
Sedimentation- adding iron sulphate makes particles clump together and settle at the bottom
Chlorination- chlorine gas kills microbes and harmful bacteria

Question 12

How can tap water contain impurities?

Answer 12

Nitrates- run off
Lead-pipes
Pesticides from fields

Question 13

How do you get fresh water?

Answer 13

Distillinga sea water

Question 14

What kind of structure do metals have?

Answer 14

Crystal

Question 15

How are metals held together?

Answer 15

Metallic bonds which allow the outer electron to move creating a sea of delocalised electrons

Question 16

What properties do strong metallic bonds give?

Answer 16

High melting and boiling points, high density

Question 17

Why are metals good conductors of heat and electricity?

Answer 17

Delocalised electrons carry heat and electrical current

Question 18

What are superconductors?

Answer 18

Metals at really low temperatures, no resistance

Question 19

What’s the problem with superconductors?

Answer 19

Expensive to get metals cold enough, less than -265 degrees

Question 20

What are transition metals?

Answer 20

Metals in the middle of the periodic table

Question 21

Transition metals and their compounds make good catalysts, give an example

Answer 21

Iron-ammonia-Haber process

Nickel-margarine

Question 22

What colour is iron(ll)?

Answer 22

Light green

Question 23

What colour is iron(lll)?

Answer 23

Orange/brown

Question 24

What colour is a copper compound?

Answer 24

Blue

Question 25

What are ions?

Answer 25

Charged particles

Question 26

What is an isotope?

Answer 26

Different forms of the same element which have the same number of protons but a different number of neutrons

Question 27

Give an example of an isotope

Answer 27

C12 or C14

Question 28

What is ionic bonding?

Answer 28

Transferring electrons, atoms lose or gain electrons to form charged particles which are attracted to each other

Question 29

What do ionic compounds form?

Answer 29

Giant ionic lattices

Question 30

What happens when metals form ions?

Answer 30

They lose electrons to form positive ions

Question 31

Why happens when non-metals form ions?

Answer 31

They gain electrons to form negative ions

Question 32

What happens when metals and non-metals combine?

Answer 32

Ionic bonds form

Question 33

What are covalent bonds?

Answer 33

Sharing electrons

Question 34

What does each covalent bond provide?

Answer 34

Extra electrons

Question 35

What do substances formed from covalent bonds have?

Answer 35

Simple molecular structures

Question 36

What do atoms in molecules have?

Answer 36

Strong covalent bonds

Question 37

What is the melting/boiling points of simple molecular structures like?

Answer 37

Low melting/boiling points, weak attraction between molecules

Question 38

Do simple molecular structures conduct electricity?

Answer 38

No, no free electrons

Question 39

What's the charge of a neutron?

Answer 39

0

Question 40

What's the mass of a proton?

Answer 40

1

Question 41

What is the charge of an electron?

Answer 41

-1

Question 42

What's the mass of a neutron?

Answer 42

1

Question 43

What's the charge of a proton?

Answer 43

+1

Question 44

What's the mass of an electron?

Answer 44

0

Question 45

Which number is the mass number?

Answer 45

Top

Question 46

Which number is the atomic number?

Answer 46

Bottom

Question 47

What did John Dalton conclude?

Answer 47

Atoms were solid spheres

Question 48

What did JJ Thomson conclude?

Answer 48

Atoms contained electrons, 'plum pudding model'

Question 49

What did Rutherford conclude?

Answer 49

The plum pudding model was wrong, gold foil experiment

Question 50

What did Bohr conclude?

Answer 50

That electrons were contained in shells

Question 51

How many outer shell electrons do group 1 have?

Answer 51

1

Question 52

What do ionic compounds form?

Answer 52

Giant ionic lattices, don't conduct electricity when solid

Question 53

Why are MgO and NaCl giant ionic structures?

Answer 53

They have high melting and boiling points, lots of energy is needed to break the bonds

Question 54

What happens as you go further down group 1?

Answer 54

More reactive, outer electron lost easier, further from nucleus

Question 55

What are the properties of an alkali metal?

Answer 55

Low melting/boiling point, low density, soft

Question 56

What is oxidation?

Answer 56

Loss of electrons

Question 57

What does a reaction with water produce?

Answer 57

Hydrogen gas

Question 58

What's the colour of a lithium flame?

Answer 58

Red

Question 59

What's the colour of a sodium flame?

Answer 59

Yellow

Question 60

What's the colour of a potassium flame?

Answer 60

Lilac

Question 61

What happens as you go down group 7?

Answer 61

It gets less reactive, melting and boiling points increase

Question 62

What is reduction?

Answer 62

Gain of electrons

Question 63

What happens when halogens react with alkali metals?

Answer 63

Salts are formed

Question 64

What do halogens do?

Answer 64

More reactive halogens displace less reactive ones