Chemistry of Life

Question 1

atom

Answer 1

smallest unit

Question 2

proton

Answer 2

positive charge

Question 3

neutron

Answer 3

neutral charge

Question 4

electron

Answer 4

negative charge

Question 5

chemical compound

Answer 5

made up of two or more specific elements

Question 6

ion

Answer 6

atom with charge due to loss/gain of electrons

Question 7

ionic bond

Answer 7

bond formed when valence electrons of one atom are transferred

Question 8

covalent bond

Answer 8

bond formed when of sharing one or more electrons between two atoms

Question 9

molecule

Answer 9

group of atoms bonded together

Question 10

organic compound

Answer 10

contains at least two carbon atoms

Question 11

inorganic compound

Answer 11

have one or no carbon atoms

Question 12

polymer

Answer 12

large molecules

Question 13

macromolecule

Answer 13

molecule containing a large number of atoms

Question 14

carbohydrate

Answer 14

store energy
breaking them down provides energy
made up of mono, di, and polysaccharide

Question 15

lipid

Answer 15

waxy, fatty, or oily compounds
made up of fatty acids
can store and release energy

Question 16

protein

Answer 16

stores energy, amino acids joined by peptides, chain of aa called polypeptides

Question 17

amino acid

Answer 17

monomers of molecules

Question 18

nucleic acid

Answer 18

complex organic substance present in DNA/RNA
made from nucleotides, which have 3 parts
phosphate group
nitrogenous base
5-carbon sugar

Question 19

chemical reaction

Answer 19

process that involves rearrangement of molecules structure of a substance

Question 20

catalyst

Answer 20

substance that increases the rate of a chemical reaction

Question 21

enzyme

Answer 21

catalysts in living things

Question 22

substrate

Answer 22

the components of the reaction that bind to the enzyme

Question 23

active site

Answer 23

the region of the enzyme where the substrates bind

Question 24

a nucleus contains…

Answer 24

protons and neutrons

Question 25

backbone of large organic molecules is made up of mostly

Answer 25

neutrons

Question 26

three parts that make up an atom

Answer 26

protons, neutrons, electrons

Question 27

difference ions and atoms

Answer 27

ions are charged where atoms are not charged

Question 28

how are active site, substrate, and enzymes related

Answer 28

active site where enzyme and substrate meet

Question 29

difference between an ionic and covalent bond

Answer 29

covalent is sharing atoms and ionic transfers atom

Question 30

how are the four macromolecules similar/different

Answer 30

similar - all compounds containing CHO differnt - they help with different things

Question 31

lock-and-key model

Answer 31

lock and key is when substrate goes into certain enzyme (enzyme is lock substrate is key) only certain substrate unlock certain enzyme

Question 32

solution

Answer 32

liquid mixture where solute is distrubuted with solvent

Question 33

acid

Answer 33

chemical substrate that neutralizes neutralizes akalis

Question 34

base

Answer 34

substance that reacts with acid

Question 35

pH scale

Answer 35

scale based on level of acidity in a liquid

Question 36

atoms of different elements always contain different numbers of...

Answer 36

protons

Question 37

is acidic pH higher or lower

Answer 37

lower