Chemistry Of Life

Question 1

What is matter?

Answer 1

Anything that occupies space/ has a mass

Question 2

What is metabolism?

Answer 2

The sum of chemical reactions that are occurring in the body

Question 3

Two types of metabolism and what they do

Answer 3

Catabolism (breaks things down) and anabolism (builds things up)

Question 4

What are three forms of matter

Answer 4

Solids, liquids, gas

Question 5

What are atoms?

Answer 5

Building blocks of matter

Question 6

Neutron charge

Answer 6

Neutral (don’t have charge)

Question 7

Proton charge

Answer 7

Positive

Question 8

Electron charge

Answer 8

Negative

Question 9

What is in a nucleus (chemically)

Answer 9

Protons and neutrons

Question 10

What is the atomic number

Answer 10

Number of protons

Question 11

What is the mass number

Answer 11

Number of protons and neutrons

Question 12

Hydrogen symbol

Answer 12

H

Question 13

Carbon symbol

Answer 13

C

Question 14

Nitrogen symbol

Answer 14

N

Question 15

Oxygen symbol

Answer 15

O

Question 16

Sodium symbol

Answer 16

Na

Question 17

Chlorine symbol

Answer 17

Cl

Question 18

Potassium symbol

Answer 18

K

Question 19

What is an ion?

Answer 19

Atom that has gained or lost an electron and has become charged

Question 20

Positively charged ion?

Answer 20

Cation CA++

Question 21

Negatively charged ion

Answer 21

Anion CL-

Question 22

What is a molecule?

Answer 22

When two or more atoms share electrons

Question 23

3 jobs of water

Answer 23

Homeostasis (temp regulation), transport medium, solvent

Question 24

Name 3 chemical bonds

Answer 24

Ionic bonds, hydrogen bonds, covalent bonds

Question 25

What is an ionic bond

Answer 25

Force of attraction between ions of opposite charges

Question 26

What is a hydrogen bond?

Answer 26

Polar covalent bonds that form between hydrogen atoms and other atoms

Question 27

What is a covalent bond

Answer 27

Atoms form a molecule by sharing one, two, or three pairs of their outer shell electrons

Question 28

What do inorganic compounds usually lack?

Answer 28

Carbon

Question 29

What compounds always contain carbon?

Answer 29

Organic

Question 30

What are inorganic compounds held together with?

Answer 30

Ionic or covalent bonds

Question 31

What do organic compounds contain

Answer 31

Always carbon, usually hydrogen also

Question 32

Name 3 organic compounds

Answer 32

Carbohydrates, nucleic acids, enzymes

Question 33

What are lipids

Answer 33

Hydrophobic - insoluble in water

Question 34

Name 3 nucleic acids

Answer 34

DNA, RNA, ATP

Question 35

What do enzymes do?

Answer 35

Allow chemical reactions at low temperatures - as they lower the activation energy

Question 36

If body temp increases, what happens to enzymes?

Answer 36

Unravel / denature

Question 37

What has twice as much energy in fat compared to carbohydrates?

Answer 37

Lipids

Question 38

What do carbohydrates contain?

Answer 38

Carbon, hydrogen, oxygen

Question 39

What are carbohydrates a good source of?

Answer 39

Energy

Question 40

What is ATP

Answer 40

Adenosine triphosphate

Question 41

What can ATP be sometimes known as?

Answer 41

Energy currency

Question 42

What is the mitochondria

Answer 42

Powerhouse of cell - produces most of the ATP

Question 43

DNA nucleotide bases?

Answer 43

Adenine, Guanine, Cytosine, Thymine

Question 44

RNA nucleotide bases?

Answer 44

Adenine, guanine, cytosine, uracil