Chemistry - Reaction of Metals Flashcards
Which metals in the reactivity series react with oxygen when burnt?
What do they form?
Those at the top and in the middle of the reactivity series.
They form “oxides” (this is an oxidation reaction)
What is an oxidation reaction?
What is a reduction reaction?
When a substance gains oxygen
When a substance loses oxygen
Which metals react with cold water?
Most dont, only those at the top of the reactivity series do - e.g.:
- Magnesium
- Calcium
- Lithium
- Sodium
- Potassium
What do the metals that react with cold water form?
Metal hydroxide and hydrogen
What is seen when magnesium, calcium, lithium, sodium and potassium react with water?
What is the equation for potassium reacting with water?
Remember, it will form potassium hydroxide (KOH) and hydrogen (H2)
Which metals react with dilute acid?
What products do they form?
Those that are more reactive than hydrogen.
A metal salt and hydrogen
Write the equation for potassium (K) reacting with hydrochloric acid (HCl)
What happens to metal atoms when they react?
They lose electrons to form positive ions. E.g.: when sodium reacts with oxygen, it loses an electron to form Na+ ions in the product NaO (sodium oxide)
What makes a metal more reactive than another one?
The ability of the metal to lose its electrons - e.g.: potassium easily loses electrons to form ions, more so than magnesium
Therefore … when are metals like gold and platinum not reaction
Because they do not tend to lose electrons and form positive ions
What is a displacement reaction?
When a more reactive metal takes the place of a less reactive metal and form the metal oxide.
E.g.: aluminium is more reactive than iron, so displaces iron in the metal oxide.
What happens in terms of electrons during oxidation and reduction reactions?
Oxidation = loss of electrons Reduction = gain of electrons
REMEMBER: OILRIG
Use OILRIG to explain where electrons move in a displacement reaction?
The more reactive metal will lose electrons (oxidation) and the metal oxide that is getting displaced will gain electrons (reduction)
