Chemistry Test 10/25

Question 1

Organic Molecule

Answer 1

Contains Carbon (CH, CC)

Question 2

Organic Molecule Ex.

Answer 2

CH4

Question 3

Macromolecule

Answer 3

Very large number of atoms

Question 4

Molecule

Answer 4

2+ atoms chemically bonded together

Question 5

Compound

Answer 5

2+ DIFFERENT atoms chemically bonded together

Question 6

Monomer

Answer 6

Single building block of macromolecules

Question 7

Polymer

Answer 7

Multiple monomers

Question 8

4 types of Macromolecules

Answer 8

Carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, amino acids

Question 9

Macromolecules are mostly made of…

Answer 9

Carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen

Question 10

CARBS

Answer 10

Sugars that provide energy for the body

Question 11

Carbohydrate Ratio

Answer 11

1:2:1

Question 12

Carbs Example

Answer 12

Pasta, flour, bread, sucrose

Question 13

Carbohydrate Monomers

Answer 13

Monosaccharides, ex. glucose and fructose

Question 14

Carbohydrate Polymers

Answer 14

Disaccharides and Polysaccharides

Question 15

Glycosidic Linkage

Answer 15

Connects two monosaccharides by covalent bond

Question 16

Dehydration Synthesis

Answer 16

Releases one H2O molecule during Glycosidic Linkage

Question 17

Hydrolysis

Answer 17

Opposite of dehydration synthesis.

Question 18

LIPIDS

Answer 18

Store energy (provided by carbohydrates)

Question 19

Lipid Examples

Answer 19

Oils, fats, waxes

Question 20

Lipids don’t have true…

Answer 20

Polymers

Question 21

Lipids are (in relation to macromolecules)

Answer 21

Not generally big enough to be macromolecules, but are still important.

Question 22

Lipids are hydrophobic/hydrophilic?

Answer 22

Hydrophobic

Question 23

What are fats made of?

Answer 23

Glycerol and fatty acids

Question 24

Fatty Acids made of

Answer 24

Long hydrocarbon chains

Question 25

Unsaturated Fats

Answer 25

Double bounds, harder to break down = bad

Question 26

Phospholipids

Answer 26

Phosphate head makes it polar/hydrophilic, fatty acid tails are hydrophobic

Question 27

Phospholipids make up...

Answer 27

Cell membrane

Question 28

Steroid Structure

Answer 28

4 rings (hexagons/pentagons)

Question 29

Nonpolar

Answer 29

Hydrophobic

Question 30

2 types of nucleic acids

Answer 30

DNA and RNA

Question 31

NUCLEIC ACIDS

Answer 31

Store and transport genetic info, can make proteins

Question 32

Nucleic Acid monomer

Answer 32

nucleotide

Question 33

Nucleic Acid polymer

Answer 33

DNA + RNA

Question 34

Nucleic Acids have ___ bonds

Answer 34

covalent

Question 35

In Nucleic Acids, ______ connect the 2 strands together

Answer 35

hydrogen bonds

Question 36

Nucleotide is connected to another nucleotide by a ______________ __________ (combined = structure of DNA)

Answer 36

phosphate group

Question 37

Nucleic Acid Structure

Answer 37

Pentose Sugar + nitrogenous base + 1-3 phosphate group

Question 38

Charges associated with water molecules

Answer 38

2 slightly positive hydrogen atoms, 1 slightly negative oxygen atom

Question 39

Cohesion

Answer 39

attraction between molecules of the same substance

Question 40

Adhesion

Answer 40

attraction between molecules of different substances

Question 41

How does capillary action work in plants?

Answer 41

it helps transport water from the roots to the leaves

Question 42

Surface Tension

Answer 42

measure of how difficult it is to stretch or break the surface of a liquid

Question 43

Hydroxide

Answer 43

OH-

Question 44

Hydronium

Answer 44

H3O

Question 45

Buffers

Answer 45

weak acids or bases that can react with strong acids or bases to prevent sharp, sudden changes in pH. help mantain homeostasis

Question 46

Heat is ____________ when hydrogen bonds break, and ___________when hydrogen bonds form

Answer 46

absorbed, released