Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

IB Chem > Chemistry Unit 8 > Flashcards

Chemistry Unit 8 Flashcards

Acids, Bases and Salts (64 cards)

Start Studying
1
Q

What is an acid under the Arrhenius Theory?

A

Something that dissociates in water to form H+

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is a base under the Arrhenius Theory?

A

Something that dissociates in water to form OH-

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What do acids and bases have to be under the Arrhenius Theory?

A

Solutions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is an acid under the Bronsted-Lowry Theory?

A

Something that donates an H+ (must have H+ in formula)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What is a base under the Bronsted-Lowry Theory?

A

Something that accepts an H+ (must have lone electron to accept H+)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What is an acid under the Lewis Theory?

A

Something that accepts a lone pair of electrons

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What is a base under the Lewis Theory?

A

Something that donates a pair of electrons

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Define conjugate base

A

What the acid becomes after losing an H+

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Define conjugate acid

A

What the base becomes after gaining an H+

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What does a strong acid do to the equilibrium and dissociation?

A

A strong acid causes equilibrium to be fair right, and the reactants are almost all dissociated, so there is a large Ka.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Does a strong acid yield a strong or weak conjugate base?

A

Weak

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Does a weak acid yield a strong or weak conjugate base?

A

Strong

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What does a weak acid do to the equilibrium and dissociation?

A

A weak acid causes equilibrium to be far left, and the reactants only dissociate a little, so there is a small Ka value.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is the formula for sulfuric acid and is it weak or strong?

A

H2SO4; strong

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What is the conjugate base of sulfuric acid, and is it weak or strong?

A

HSO4-; weak

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What is the formula of hydrochloric acid and is it weak or strong?

A

HCl; strong

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What is the conjugate base of hydrochloric acid, and is it weak or strong?

A

Cl-; weak

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What is the formula for nitric acid and is it weak or strong?

A

HNO3; strong

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What is the conjugate base of nitric acid, and is it weak or strong?

A

NO3-; weak

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What is the formula of perchloric acid and is it strong or weak?

A

HClO4; strong

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What is the conjugate base of perchloric acid, and is it weak or strong?

A

ClO4-; weak

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

What is the formula of phosphoric acid and is it strong or weak?

A

H3PO4; weak

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

What is the conjugate base of phosphoric acid, and is it weak or strong?

A

H2PO4-; strong

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

What is the formula of carbonic acid and is it weak or strong?

A

H2CO3; weak

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
What is the conjugate base of carbonic acid, and is it weak or strong?
HCO3-; strong
26
What is the formula of nitrous acid and is it strong or weak?
HNO2; weak
27
What is the conjugate base of nitrous acid, and is it weak or strong?
HNO2-; strong
28
What is the formula of hypochlorous acid and is it strong or weak?
HOCl; weak
29
What is the conjugate base of hypochlorous acid, and is it weak or strong?
OCl-; strong
30
What group do organic acids contain?
Carboxyl groups (a C double bonded to an O and single bonded to an OH)
31
What is the formula for acetic acid and what type of acid is it considered?
CH3COOH; organic
32
33
What is the formula for benzoic acid and what type of acid is it considered?
C6H5COOH
34
What is a hydrohalic acid?
An acid where hydrogen is bonded with a halogen
35
What is the weakest hydrohalic acid and why?
HF; F is the smallest halide and H+F have the greatest electronegativity difference, making a very strong bond between them so it is harder for it to donate the H+
36
List the order of hydrohalic acids in decreasing strength (start with strongest) | HI, HF, HBr, HCl are the options
HI, HBr, HCl, HF
37
What is an oxyacid?
An acid with an oxygen attached to central atom and hydrogen ion attached to the oxygen
38
Are metal oxides bases or acids?
Bases
39
Are nonmetal oxides bases or acids?
Acids
40
Are metal hydroxides bases or acids?
They are Alkalis, so they're bases
41
What does an acid + carbonate or hydrogencarbonate yield?
Water + Carbon dioxide + salt
42
Which metals are unreactive on their own when put with acids?
Copper, silver, gold
43
What does an acid + ammonia or amines yield?
A salt
44
What is the charge on CO3?
-2
45
What is the charge on NO3?
-1
46
What is the charge on NO2?
-1
47
What is the charge on SO4?
-2
48
What is the charge on PO4?
-3
49
List the two categories of strong bases
Group 1/2 with hydroxide and metal oxides
50
What do strong bases do to the equilibrium and dissociation/Kb?
Equilibrium lies far to the fight. There is lots of dissociation and a large Kb value
51
List the three categories of weak bases
Ammonia, Amines and hydroxides that aren't with group 1/2
52
Do strong bases produce strong or weak conjugate acids?
Weak
53
What do weak bases do to the equilibrium and dissociation/Kb value?
Equilibrium lies far to the left. There is little dissociation and a small Kb value
54
Do weak bases produce strong or weak conjugate acids?
Strong
55
What is the formula for methylamine?
CH3NH2
56
What is the formula for ethylamine?
C2H5NH2
57
Which is the stronger acid: HClO4 or HClO and why?
HClO4 because more oxygen atoms means there is a stronger pull on the hydrogen's electron, making it easier for the H+ to be donated
58
As the acids go down group 17, do they become stronger or weaker?
As acids go down group 17, they become stronger acids
59
Which is stronger: a weak base or a weak conjugate base?
A weak base is stronger because the conjugate base is whats leftover from the acid
60
Which is stronger: water or a weak conjugate base?
Water is stronger
61
What are the two equations that show the dissociation of water?
H2O(l) -> H+(aq) + OH-(aq) and 2H2O(l) -> H3O+(aq) + OH-(aq)
62
What are the two possible equations to solve for Kw using the concentrations of ions in water
Kw = [H+][OH-] and Kw = [H3O+][OH-]
63
At 25 degrees celsius, what is the Kw equal to?
1.0 x 10^-14
64

IB Chem (7 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions