Chemistry - vocabulary

Question 1

Accuracy

Answer 1

agreement with a particular value with the true value

Question 2

Precision

Answer 2

degree of agreement among several measurements (relatively close to one another)

Question 3

Extensive Properties

Answer 3

physical properties that depend on the quantity of matter (volume and mass)

Question 4

Intensive Properties

Answer 4

Independent of the quality of matter (density and temperature)

Question 5

Density

Answer 5

the measure of how compact a substance is (g/m^3)

Question 6

Matter

Answer 6

anything that occupies space

Question 7

Physical Change

Answer 7

change in the form of a substance, not in chemical composition (filtration)

Question 8

Chemical Change

Answer 8

change in the form of a substance, different properties and different composition (oxidation and burning)

Question 9

Energy Units

Answer 9

J or (kg × m^2 )/ s^2

Question 10

Atomic Number

Answer 10

number of protons, electrons, and sometimes neutrons

Question 11

Isotopes

Answer 11

same number of protons, same number of electrons, different number of neutrons

Question 12

Atomic Mass

Answer 12

AMU, weighted average of all the isotopes. 1 amu = the mass of a proton or a neutron

Question 13

Avagadros Number

Answer 13

6.022E23

Question 14

Empirical Formula

Answer 14

simplest ratio of atoms

Question 15

Molecular Formula

Answer 15

actual number of atoms

Question 16

Electromagnetic Radiation

Answer 16

electric waves and magnetic waves (travel perpendicular to each other)

Question 17

Wavelength (λ)

Answer 17

distance between two peaks or troughs in a wave

Question 18

Frequency (v)

Answer 18

number of waves (cycles) per second that pass a given point in space (1/s or Hz)

Question 19

Amplitude (A)

Answer 19

the distance from rest to crest

Question 20

Visible Light Spectrum

Answer 20

4E-7 to 7E-7

Question 21

Shortest Wavelength?

Answer 21

gamma rays

Question 22

Longest wavelength?

Answer 22

radio waves

Question 23

Planks constant

Answer 23

6.626E-34 J × s

Question 24

Continuous Spectrum

Answer 24

occurs when white light is passed through a prism, contains all the wavelengths of visible light

Question 25

Line Spectrum

Answer 25

occurs when one specific atom is stimulated, each line corresponds to a discrete wavelength (series of lines separated by black)

Question 26

How do spectrums occur?

Answer 26

absorbed energy causes the electron to jump to a higher energy level, when the electron returns to its original level the absorbed energy is released as photons with a wavelength associated with that energy, that is what we view as line spectrum

Question 27

The Bohr Model only works for which element?

Answer 27

hydrogen

Question 28

The closer the electron is to the nucleus the easier or harder it is to remove?

Answer 28

Harder

Question 29

Rydberg constant

Answer 29

1.09737316E7 1/m

Question 30

Electrons behave as what kind of waves?

Answer 30

Standing waves

Question 31

T or F: energy is described as a wave

Answer 31

T

Question 32

T or F: energy does not have mass

Answer 32

F

Question 33

Energy can only be gained or lost in integer multiple of ...?

Answer 33

hv

Question 34

T or F: energy has wave characteristics AND particular properties

Answer 34

T

Question 35

Is intensity or frequency of light responsible for carrying the energy necessary for dislodging electrons?

Answer 35

Frequency

Question 36

What color light can remove electrons from the metal's surface?

Answer 36

Blue light will dislodge the electrons

Question 37

hv0 is?

Answer 37

the minimum energy required to eject an electron (work function)

Question 38

Excess energy required to eject an electron goes into what?

Answer 38

The kinetic energy of the ejected electrons

Question 39

T or F: particle's have wave properties?

Answer 39

T

Question 40

Wave functions are called ...?

Answer 40

Orbitals

Question 41

n

Answer 41

energy level

Question 42

ℓ

Answer 42

sublevel (s = 0, p = 1, d = 2, f = 3)

Question 43

mℓ

Answer 43

orbital (s has one orbital) (p has 3 orbitals) (d has 5 orbitals)

Question 44

ms

Answer 44

electron spin

Question 45

Up Arrow

Answer 45

+1/2

Question 46

Down Arrow

Answer 46

-1/2

Question 47

Degenerate Orbitals

Answer 47

Orbitals that have the same energy level

Question 48

Nodes

Answer 48

spaces where electrons cannot be located

Question 49

T or F: two electrons in one orbital can have the same spins

Answer 49

F - must have opposite spins

Question 50

Order of preferred orbitals

Answer 50

s -> p -> d -> f

Question 51

Prefer going to next _ before going to _

Answer 51

Prefer going to next S before going to D

Question 52

The lowest energy configuration of an atom is the one having the maximum number of ...?

Answer 52

unpaired electrons as allowed in a particular set of degenerate orbitals