Chemo And Systemic Therapy Flashcards
(38 cards)
T/F Surgery cures more cancer each year than radiation or chemo/systemic therapy
True
What is the Goldie Coldman Hypothesis?
Once the tumors has reached 1 million cells, it is likely that chemo resistant cells have developed due to mutations
What is Gompertezian Growth?
Tumor growth rate isn’t constant, it grows exponentially early on then slows down.
Chemo is most effective during rapid growth
What does BAG stand for
Chemo side effects
Bone marrow
Alopecia
GI
How low do WBCs have to be to start giving prophylactic antibiotics?
In what patients do we want to avoid doxorubicin in?
Dobie w/ cardiomyopathy
Geriatric cat with CRF
T/F Checking calculation of drug doses is crucial because even a decimal point in the wrong direction can be 10x the dose and fatal
True
3 ways you can prevent aerosolization
Closed system
Phaseal system
Equashield
T/F Chemo tablets and capsules have to split and open in order to work properly
FALSE
That shit will aerosolize and contaminate the environment
No liquid/oral formulations either
What drugs are Alkylating agents?
Cyclophosphamide Chlorambucil Melphalan CCNU Ifosfamide
Mechanism of Action for Alkylating Agents
Alkylate DNA bases
Cross links
Induce apoptosis
Alkylating agent toxicity
BAG
Cyclophosphamide- acrolein (inactive part of the drug) causes steril hemorrhagic cytitis)
CCNU- hepat
What drugs are anti metabolites?
5-FU, cytosine arabinoside, methotrexate, gemcitabine
MOA and Tox for anti metabolites
-MOA: interrupt DNA synthesis, methorexate inhibits dihydrofolate reductase, reduced folate
required for nucleotide synthesis
-Tox; 5-FU NOT used in cats, BAG in dogs
What drugs are vincristine and vinblastine?
Spindle toxins
MOA of spindle toxins
bind tubulin/interfere w/ mitotic spindle, Vinca alkaloids inhibit spindle formation and
Taxanes inhibit microtubule disassembly
Tox of spindle toxins?
Vincristine causes BAG, minimal myelosuppression, GI toxicity due to ileus
(common), peripheral neuropathy, tissue irritation w/ extravasation
Vinblastine causes BAG Taxanes cause allergic reactions
What drugs are anti tumor antibiotics
Doxorubicin, mitoxantrone, epirubicin
MOA of anti tumor antibiotics
intercalation into DNA, inhibition of topoisomerase II, production of free radicals, cell
membrane damate
What drug causes “red death” aka irreversible cardiotoxicity in cats
Doxorubricin
What are the platinum drugs and what’s their MOA
Cisplatnum, carboplatnum
MOA: cross link DNA
What drug causes fatal indiosyncratic pulmonary edema in cats
Cisplastin
Cisplastin stimulates the ____ causing vomiting almost immediately
CRTZ
How does L-asparaginase work?
Cleaves asparagine which is required by lymphoma and other hematopoietic tumors
