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Rad Tech > Chest Radiography- 166 > Flashcards

Chest Radiography- 166 Flashcards

(70 cards)

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1
Q

Chest anatomy is divided into 3 parts, name them:

A

Bony Thorax, Respiratory System, & Mediastinum

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2
Q

Name the Top 10 of the Chest (must be included in the radiograph)

A

1.) Apices of lungs
2.) Clavicle
3.) Right & Left Hemidiaphragm
4.) Costophrenic Angles
5.) Trachea
6.) Ribs
7.) Heart
8.) Sternum
9.) Thoracic Vertebrae
10.) Hilum

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3
Q

How many parts are there to the sternum?

A

3

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4
Q

Name the 3 bones that make up the sternum.

A

Manubrium, Body, Xiphoid Process

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5
Q

What vertebrae hosts the name “Vertebra Prominens”?

A

C7

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6
Q

What are 3 body positioning landmarks on the sternum?

A

Jugular Notch, Suprasternal Notch, Manubrial Notch

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7
Q

How many pairs of ribs are there?

A

12

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8
Q

How many thoracic vertebrae are there?

A

12

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9
Q

What are the 2 primary functions of the respiratory system?

A

Obtain Oxygen, Remove Carbon Dioxide

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10
Q

What 3 parts make up your pharynx?

A

Nasopharynx, Oropharynx, Laryngopharynx

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11
Q

What four parts make up the respiratory system proper?

A

Larynx, Trachea, Right & Left Bronchi, & Lungs

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12
Q

What is your larynx commonly known as?

A

Voice Box

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13
Q

How long is your larynx typically?

A

1.5” to 2” in length

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14
Q

What vertebrae does your larynx run from?

A

C3-C6

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15
Q

Framework of larynx consists of __________.

A

Cartilages

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16
Q

What cartilages make up the larynx?

A

Thyroid Cartilage, Cricoid Cartilage, & Epiglottis

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17
Q

What bone is your larynx suspended by?

A

Hyoid Bone

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18
Q

What is your trachea commonly known as?

A

Windpipe

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19
Q

Is your trachea anterior or posterior to your esophagus?

A

Anterior

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20
Q

In diameter, how big is your trachea?

A

3/4”

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21
Q

About how long is your trachea?

A

4.5” long

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22
Q

What vertebrae does your trachea (approximately) start and end at?

A

C6-T5

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23
Q

Your trachea splits at the _________.

A

Carina

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24
Q

About what level does your carina bifurcate?

A

T5

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25
How many lobes does your right lung have?
3
26
How many lobes make up your left lung?
2
27
Which lung is shorter and broader? Why?
Right Lung; because it rests on the liver
28
What types of pleura surround the lungs?
Parietal Pleura & Visceral Pleura
29
What is the pleural cavity?
The potential space between the pleura
30
What is a pneumothorax?
This is when air is present in the space, also known as a collapsed lung
31
What is pleural effusion?
This is where fluid is present in the pleural cavity
32
What is a hemothorax?
This is where blood is present in the pleural cavity
33
What makes up the mediastinum?
Thymus gland, Heart & other great vessels, Trachea, and Esophagus
34
What are some common indications for chest radiography?
Dyspnea (SOB), Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD), Emphysema, Bronchitis, & Pneumonia
35
What are the 2 routine chest projections?
PA & Lateral
36
Why PA as opposed to AP?
Your heart lies anterior in your chest, this projection puts the heart closest to the IR, which decreases magnification of the heart shadow
37
On a PA projection, where should the CR be?
T7, midsagittal
38
A true PA has rotation, true or false?
False, a PA has no rotation
39
In a PA projection, you should have your patient:
Relax their shoulders, roll their shoulders forward, lift their chin (to avoid soft tissue in the radiograph)
40
In a PA chest, what should the IR be?
14 x 17 crosswise
41
In a PA chest, what should your technique be?
110-125 kVp at 3 mAs Wall Bucky Receptor Large Focal Spot
42
In a PA chest, what should your SID (source image receptor distance) be?
72"
43
Where should the marker be?
Place left marker above left shoulder, making sure it is placed in the collimator light
44
Why are breathing instructions important?
Chest/Lung movements can cause a blur in the image
45
You should expose the patient after the 1st inspiration, true or false
False, after the 2nd inspiration, it allows for air to be in the lung
46
Why place the patient in an erect position?
It allows the diaphragm to move down further, demonstrates air-fluid levels, and prevents engorgement of pulmonary vessels
47
A minimum of ____ posterior ribs must be visualized on a chest radiograph.
10
48
Accept or Reject: ABCDE method, state what each letter stands for
A: all required anatomy B: body positioned correctly C & D: contrast and density appropriate E: everything else acceptable - correct markers in correct position w/o obscuring anatomy - appropriate radiation protection - no preventable artifacts
49
In a left lateral projection of the chest, which side is closest to the IR?
Left
50
In a true lateral, is there any rotation?
No rotation
51
Do you raise the arms of the patient in a lateral chest x-ray?
Yes
52
In a lateral chest, what level does the CR hit?
T7 & Midthorax
53
In a lateral chest, what size should the IR be?
14x17, lengthwise
54
What technique should be used for a lateral chest?
110-125 kVp at 10 mAs Wall Bucky Receptor Large Focal Spot
55
What is the SID in a lateral chest?
72"
56
What marker should you use in a lateral chest?
Left marker anterior and superior
57
Should your patients hips be squared in a left lateral erect?
Yes
58
What breathing instructions should you give your patient for a PA or Lateral chest?
Double Inspirations, "Take a deep breath in, and then out, and then when you breath in the second time, hold your breath"
59
What are the 4 types of body habitus?
Hypersthenic Asthenic Sthenic Hyposthenic
60
What body habitus makes up 35% of the population, is in the middle of the average sthenic and a frailer asthenic body habitus?
Hyposthenic
61
What body habitus makes up 5% of the population, has a broader and deeper thorax from anterior to posterior, but is shallow vertically?
Hypersthenic
62
What body habitus makes up 10% of the population, has a narrow thorax and is vertically long?
Asthenic
63
What is the average body habitus, that is moderately short, broad, and deep. This makes up 50% of the population.
Sthenic
64
What are some special projections of the chest?
AP supine or semi-erect, Cart Chest, Lateral Decubitus, AP Lordotic
65
An AP chest can be done when patients are _________ to leave their room.
Unable
66
When a chest projection is done AP, you should always indicate if a projection is done AP, true or false.
True
67
In an AP chest, you should be sure to indicate the amount of erectness, true or false.
True
68
What type of projection is used to evaluate pleural effusions on the side down and pneumothorax on the side up?
Lateral Decubitus Chest
69
What projection is performed to rule out calcificatiosn and masses on and in apices of lungs?
AP Lordotic
70
Describe an AP Lordotic Projection Position.
Patient stands 1' away from the IR, leans back onto it

Rad Tech (6 decks)

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