Chest & Shoulder Muscles Pt.2

Question 1

What is the attachment of the Serratus Anterior?

Answer 1

Lateral Somas of Ribs 1-8 or 9 and Anteromedial Border of Scapula

The Serratus Anterior plays a crucial role in scapular movement and rib elevation.

Question 2

What are the actions of the Serratus Anterior?

Answer 2

• Scapular Protraction / Abduction
• Raises Ribs only when arms are overhead
• Scapular Depression / Downward Rotation

These actions are essential for shoulder movement and respiratory function.

Question 3

What architectural feature describes the Serratus Anterior?

Answer 3

Parallel

This architecture contributes to the muscle’s function and efficiency.

Question 4

What condition is associated with the Serratus Anterior?

Answer 4

Upper Cross Syndrome

This syndrome can affect posture and shoulder function.

Question 5

What is the primary muscle of respiration?

Answer 5

Diaphragm

The diaphragm is vital for breathing and plays a role in thoracic pressure changes.

Question 6

What are the attachments of the Diaphragm?

Answer 6

• Sternum
• Costal Arch (Ribs 7-10)
• Ribs 11-12
• Lumbar Somas
• Intervertebral Discs

These attachments allow the diaphragm to function effectively during respiration.

Question 7

What are the actions of the Diaphragm?

Answer 7

• Breathing
• Flattens, increasing space in Thorax
• Increased area decreases air pressure
• Air enters chest to fill space

These actions are crucial for the mechanics of breathing.

Question 8

What architectural feature describes the Diaphragm?

Answer 8

Musculotendinous dome with fibers converging

This unique structure enables effective contraction and expansion during respiration.

Question 9

What pathologies are associated with the Diaphragm?

Answer 9

• Hiccups
• Side Stitch

These conditions can arise from diaphragm dysfunction or overexertion.

Question 10

What are the four types of intercostal muscles?

Answer 10

External, Internal, Innermost, Posterior

Each type has distinct orientations and functions in respiration.

Question 11

What is the primary action of the intercostal muscles?

Answer 11

Breathing

They facilitate the expansion and contraction of the chest cavity.

Question 12

Fill in the blank: The external intercostal muscles are oriented at an _______ angle.

Answer 12

Oblique

This orientation helps in the mechanics of inhalation.

Question 13

How do the intercostal muscles contribute to breathing?

Answer 13

They seal spaces in between ribs, allow changing air pressure, and expand the chest

This is crucial for effective inhalation and exhalation.

Question 14

What is the clinical approach to the muscles of breathing?

Answer 14

Myofascial Stretching, Fascial release of chest, Work individual muscles, Relaxation

Techniques aim to enhance respiratory function and relieve tension.

Question 15

True or False: The innermost intercostal muscles have vertical fibers.

Answer 15

True

Their vertical orientation plays a role in stabilizing the ribcage.

Question 16

What is the purpose of stripping in the clinical approach to the muscles of breathing?

Answer 16

To locate and treat trigger points, adhesions, and spasms

This technique focuses on relieving muscle tension and improving function.

Question 17

Fill in the blank: The path of the intercostal muscles includes _______.

Answer 17

Fibrosis

Fibrosis can affect the functionality of the intercostal muscles.

Question 18

Which intercostal muscles are responsible for sealing the spaces in between ribs?

Answer 18

All intercostal muscles

They work together to maintain the integrity of the thoracic cavity.

Question 19

What should you avoid pressing on due to the risk of damage?

Answer 19

Xiphod process

Pressing on the xiphod process can lead to injury.

Question 20

What is characterized as chronic or recurrent changes in breathing that cannot be diagnosed?

Answer 20

Breathing pattern disorder

This disorder is often associated with other diseases.

Question 21

Name two diseases that can go hand in hand with breathing pattern disorder.

Answer 21

• COPD
• Heart disease

Question 22

What is thoracic fibrosis?

Answer 22

A disease where the lungs become scarred and damaged causing difficulty breathing.

Question 23

List some risk factors that increase the risk of thoracic fibrosis.

Answer 23

• Smoking
• Infections
• Exposure to certain pollutants
• Genetic factors

Question 24

What happens to scar tissue in thoracic fibrosis?

Answer 24

Scar tissue turns to fibrose tissue.

Question 25

What are common symptoms of thoracic fibrosis?

Answer 25

* Shortness of breath * Dry cough * Fatigue * Chest discomfort

Question 26

True or False: Breathing pattern disorder can only occur without any other diseases.

Answer 26

False

Question 27

Fill in the blank: Breathing pattern disorder is associated with _______.

Answer 27

[other diseases]

Question 28

What are the attachment points of the Rhomboids Minor?

Answer 28

C6-C7 Spinous Processes and Medial Border of Scapula ## Footnote The Rhomboids Minor attaches at the C6-C7 spinous processes and the medial border of the scapula.

Question 29

What are the attachment points of the Rhomboids Major?

Answer 29

T1-T4 Spinous Processes and Medial Border of Scapula ## Footnote The Rhomboids Major attaches at the T1-T4 spinous processes and the medial border of the scapula.

Question 30

What actions do the Rhomboids perform?

Answer 30

Scapular retraction and adduction ## Footnote The Rhomboids are primarily responsible for retracting and adducting the scapula.

Question 31

What is the anatomical arrangement of the Rhomboids?

Answer 31

Parallel ## Footnote The Rhomboids are arranged in a parallel configuration.

Question 32

What syndrome is associated with the Rhomboids?

Answer 32

Upper Cross Syndrome ## Footnote Upper Cross Syndrome is a common postural condition that involves the Rhomboids.

Question 33

What is the recommended therapy technique for the Rhomboids?

Answer 33

Strip superior to inferior, NOT along fibers ## Footnote The therapy technique should involve stripping in a superior to inferior direction across the fibers.

Question 34

What are the three heads of the Deltoid muscle?

Answer 34

* Anterior Head: Lateral 1/3 of Clavicle * Middle Head: Acromion Process * Posterior Head: Spine of Scapula ## Footnote The Deltoid muscle consists of three distinct heads, each with its own attachment point.

Question 35

Where does the Deltoid muscle attach?

Answer 35

Deltoid Tuberosity ## Footnote The Deltoid muscle attaches to the deltoid tuberosity of the humerus.

Question 36

What actions does the Deltoid perform?

Answer 36

Flexion, Medial Rotation, Abduction, Extension, Lateral Rotation ## Footnote The Deltoid performs various actions at the shoulder joint except for one specific action.

Question 37

Fill in the blank: The anterior head of the Deltoid muscle is responsible for _______.

Answer 37

Flexion and Medial Rotation

Question 38

Fill in the blank: The middle head of the Deltoid muscle is responsible for _______.

Answer 38

Abduction

Question 39

Fill in the blank: The posterior head of the Deltoid muscle is responsible for _______.

Answer 39

Extension and Lateral Rotation