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NURS 272 > Child and Adolescent Mental Health > Flashcards

Child and Adolescent Mental Health Flashcards

1
Q

Assessment of Children

A
  • observation

- structured activities (especially social)

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2
Q

Assessment of Adolescents

A
  • trust
  • equal
  • choice
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3
Q

Natural Consequences

A
  • natural cause and effect (immediate follow up to action)

- increases understanding

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4
Q

ECT

A
  • use in teens
  • best for catatonia
  • causes re-start
  • side effect- short term memory loss
  • sedatives can offset treatment
  • last resort (brains still developing)
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5
Q

CBT

A
  • behaviour therapy and cognition therapy

- changing what we think can change what we feel

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6
Q

CBT is Best Used For

A
  • children over 8
  • anxiety
  • depression
  • aggression
    automatic and irrational thoughts
    Teens:
  • major depressive
  • Manic Delerium
  • Catatonia
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7
Q

Narrative Therapy

A
  • play therapy

- externalization

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8
Q

Group Therapy is Best For

A
  • Tourettes

- Anxiety

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9
Q

Family Involvement

A
  • weekend goals are important

- inconsistency can undo progress

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10
Q

Stimulants

A
  • increase attention
  • decrease restlessness and impulsivity
  • quick onset
  • used for positive diagnosis
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11
Q

Stimulant Considerations

A 
Monitor: 
- Weight
- Anxiety 
- Tics 
- Sleep Disturbances
Take in Am
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12
Q

Straterra Benefits

A
  • calming

- no increase in tics or anxiety

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13
Q

Straterra

A
  • non-stimulant
  • NE re-uptake blocker
  • takes 3-4 weeks for max effect
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14
Q

Tenex

A
  • antihypertensive

- decrease restlessness, tics, and impulsivity

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15
Q

Tenex Considerations

A

Monitor:

  • BP
  • headaches
  • dizziness
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16
Q

Clonidine

A
  • antihypertensive

- effective in treating aggression

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17
Q

Clonidine Considerations

A

Monitor For:

  • fatigue
  • dizziness
  • BP
  • irritability
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18
Q

Antidepressants

A
  • anxiety

- decrease rigidity/intensity of outbursts

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19
Q

Melatonin

A
  • aide in falling asleep not staying asleep
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20
Q

DDAVP

A
  • treats nocturnal enuresis

- nasal or po administration

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21
Q

DDAVP Considerations

A

Monitor:

  • Nasal discomfort
  • nose bleeds
  • fluid take
22
Q

Alternative Therapy

A
  • gut flora afffects mood

- gluten/dairy free

23
Q

Omega 3 Fatty Acids

A
  • neurocognitive development
24
Q

ADHD

A
  • often co-occurrent conditions
  • ongoing stream of vocalization
  • extreme tunnel vision, miss surrounding dangers
25
Q

Three Symptoms for Diagnosis of ADHD

A
  1. Impulsivity
  2. Inattentiveness
  3. Hyperactive
26
Q

Oppositional Defiant Disorder (ODD)

A
  • disobedient, hostile and defiant behaviour towards authority
27
Q

Progression of ODD

A

ODD–> Conduct Disorder (Teen)–> Antisocial (Adult)

28
Q

OCD

A
  • usually displayed earlier, and diagnosed sooner
  • Scruples (moral compass)
  • tantrums if rituals interrupted
29
Q

Tourette Syndrome

A
  • faulty breaks

- males

30
Q

Requirements for Diagnosis of Tourettes

A
  • both motor and vocal tics

- tics last over a year

31
Q

4 Categories of Tics

A
  1. Motor (eg. nose twitching)
  2. Complex Motor (eg. rolling eyes)
  3. Vocal (eg. sniffing)
  4. Complex Vocal (eg. phrases)
32
Q

Copropraxia

A
  • obscene gestures

- complex motor tic

33
Q

Echopraxia

A
  • imitating others

- complex motor tic

34
Q

Coprolalia

A
  • swearing

- complex vocal tic

35
Q

Palilalia

A
  • repeating own words

- complex vocal tic

36
Q

Echolalia

A
  • repeating other words

- complex vocal tic

37
Q

Anxiety in Children

A
  • clingy
  • anger/tantrums
  • controlling behaviour
  • irritability
  • fears
  • tiredness
  • body symptoms
  • restlessness
  • selective mutism
38
Q

Trichotillomania

A

hair twirling

39
Q

Difficulty in Depression Diagnosis

A 
Children: 
- similar symptoms to anxiety
- considered "just a phase"
Teens: 
- symptoms typical of teen behaviour (sleeping in, anxiety etc.)
40
Q

FASD

A
  • developing brain cells are underdeveloped due to prenatal alcohol exposure before 12 weeks
41
Q

FASD Symptoms

A
  • learning disabilities
  • poor impulse control
  • poor boundaries
  • poor anger management
  • poor daily living skills
  • poor judgement
  • poor fine motor skills
  • learning from bad experience is limited
42
Q

RAD Causes

A
  • caregiver unable to provide
  • abuse and neglect
  • changing caregivers
  • institutional care
  • long stay in hospital
43
Q

RAD Symptoms

A
  • difficult to soothe
  • superficially friendly
  • inappropriate actions with strangers
  • no bond with primary caregiver
44
Q

Bipolar Disorder

A
  • more common in teens
  • frequent rapid cycling (4-5 swings/day)
  • often misdiagnosed
45
Q

Bipolar Disorder in Children

A
  • explosive, lengthy and often destructive rages
  • impaired judgement, impulsivity
  • *typical symptoms by teen years
46
Q

Childhood Schizophrenia Misdiagnosis

A
  • Autism

- other PDD

47
Q

Childhood Schizophrenia Symptoms

A
  • social withdrawal
  • poor self-care
  • illogical
  • spend lots of time in imaginative worlds
48
Q

Conduct Disorder

A
  • antisocial
  • disturbed behaviour
  • injuring animals
  • setting fire
  • torment people
49
Q

XYY Syndrome

A
  • taller
  • large hands and feet
  • aggression issues
  • low functioning
50
Q

Prader-Will

A
  • no shut off valve for hunger
  • light skin and hair
  • short stature

NURS 272 (10 decks)

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