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Module 4 > Child Dental Health > Flashcards

Child Dental Health Flashcards

(66 cards)

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1
Q

What does ART stand for?

A

Atraumatic Restorative Treatment

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2
Q

When does ART consist of?

A

Interventive approach that involves selective caries removal using hand instruments and placement of glass ionomer

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3
Q

What is the purpose of using separator bands?

A

They are useful to open proximal contacts and create space - aids caries diagnosis

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4
Q

What is silver diamine fluoride used for?

A

manages and prevents dental caries, as well as relieving dentinal hypersensitivity

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5
Q

What is the reason for having silver in fluoride varnish?

A

possesses antimicrobial properties

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6
Q

What is the reason for using fluoride to arrest dental caries?

A

remineralises enamel and dentine

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7
Q

What is used alongside SDF to minimise staining?

A

potassium iodide capsules

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8
Q

What is the Hall Technique?

A

A method of “sealing in” caries within a primary molar. A stainless steal crown is placed over primary teeth with no caries removal, tooth prep or use of local anaesthetic

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9
Q

What is a Pulpotomy?

A

a less invasive procedure where the pulp that resides in the main part (or crown) of the tooth is taken out, but the roots are left in

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10
Q

What is the checklist to use when checking for dental anomalies?

A

Quantity
Size and form
Formation
Structure

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11
Q

What is hypodontia?

A

Missing teeth as a result of them failing to develop

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12
Q

What are the 2 types of hypodontia?

A

Anodontia
Oligodontia

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13
Q

What is anodontia?

A

total lack of teeth in one or both dentitions

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14
Q

What is oligodontia?

A

Rare condition where more than 6 primary or permanent teeth are absent

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15
Q

What causes hypodontia?

A

Likely to be genetic - mutations in the MSX1 gene on chromosome 4
Occasionally environmental insult
Sometimes linked to single gene disorders
Can be associated with certain syndromes - down syndrome

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16
Q

What are supernumerary teeth?

A

the existence excessive number of teeth in relation to the normal dental formula.

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17
Q

What are the types of supernumeraries?

A

Mesiodens
Supplemental teeth
Conical supernumeraries
Tuberculate supernumeraries

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18
Q

What are mesiodens?

A

in the midline:usually peg shaped teeth

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19
Q

What are supplemental teeth?

A

Look like a normal tooth

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20
Q

What are conical supernumeraries?

A

a small peg-shaped tooth, the most common supernumerary found in the permanent dentition and it usually presents between the maxillary central incisors

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21
Q

What are tuberculate supernumeraries?

A

have got more than one cusps or tubercle on their crown.

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22
Q

What is the difference between tuberculate and conical supernumerary teeth?

A

The conical supernumerary can result in rotation or displacement of the permanent incisor, but rarely delays eruption. The tuberculate type of supernumerary possesses more than one cusp or tubercle. It is frequently described as barrel-shaped and may be invaginated.

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23
Q

Is microdontia more common in males or females?

A

females

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24
Q

What teeth are most affected by microdontia?

A

Lateral incisors

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25
What is macrodontia?
Double teeth - a dental condition where a tooth or group of teeth are abnormally larger than average
26
Double teeth - fusion - what does this mean?
Abnormal shaped tooth resulting from fusion of 2 separate tooth germs
27
Double teeth - germination - what does this mean?
2 teeth develop from 1 tooth germ
28
What is dens in dente?
A tooth within a tooth
29
What is a talon cusp?
an extra cusp on an anterior tooth which arises as a result of evagination
30
What is amelogenesis imperfecta?
a disorder that affects the structure and appearance of the enamel of the teeth. This condition causes teeth to be very small, discolored, pitted or grooved, and prone to rapid wear and breakage with early tooth decay and loss.
31
What are the 2 classes of amelogenesis imperfecta?
Hypoplastic Hypomineralised
32
What is dentinogenesis imperfecta?
causes the teeth to be discolored (most often a blue-gray or yellow-brown color) and translucent. Teeth are also weaker than normal, making them prone to rapid wear, breakage, and loss.
33
What does MIH stand for?
Molar Incisor Hypomineralisation
34
What is Molar Incisor Hypomineralisation
Developmental defect in enamel structure, only effects 1s, 2s and 6s
35
What is fluorosis?
a condition that causes changes in the appearance of tooth enamel due to overexposure of fluoride during amelogenesis
36
what is turner's tooth?
An enamel defect in the permanent teeth caused by periapical inflammatory disease in the overlying primary tooth
37
What is a dilacerated tooth?
If the crown (top) or root of a tooth has an irregular bend
38
What is an example of a metabolic disturbance effecting the dentition?
haemolytic bilirubin anaemia
39
A malfunction in which tooth development stage causes anodontia?
initiation stage
40
A malfunction in which tooth development stage causes supernumerary teeth?
initiation stage
41
A malfunction in which tooth development stage causes microdontia/macrodontia?
Bud stage
42
A malfunction in which tooth development stage causes dens in dente?
cap stage
43
A malfunction in which tooth development stage causes fusion and germination
cap stage
44
When do primary teeth start to erupt?
6 months
45
Which teeth erupt first?
Lower central incisors
46
When is the primary dentition complete?
30 months (2 1/2 yrs)
47
When does the mixed dentition stage begin?
6 yrs old
48
What teeth are the first to erupt in the permanent dentition?
lower centrals
49
What are the 2 main phases of the mixed dentition stage?
between 6-8 yrs old between 10-12 yrs old
50
When is the permanent dentition established?
Around 12 yrs
51
What are the main features of the established permanent dentition?
Molar relationship No crowding No spacing No rotated teeth Occlusal plane flat or mild curve of spee
52
At what age should canines be palpable?
9 yrs old
53
What is the curve of spee?
The curvature of the mandibular occlusal plane
54
Why is there a lot of spacing in the primary dentition?
To allow space for the permanent dentition as it has more teeth
55
What habits can effect the dentiton?
The use of dummies and thumb sucking
56
What can happen if there is an early loss of primary teeth?
Fibrous tissue can form over the erupting tooth delaying its eruption, unless the permanent tooth has 1/3 to 2/3 of the root formation completed then there will be accelerated eruption
57
Explain class 1 incisor relationship
The lower incisor edges occlude with the upper central incisor central plateaus
58
Explain class 2 division 1 incisor relationship
The lower central incisor edges sit posteriorly relative to the upper central incisor central plateaus The upper central incisors are proclined often an increased overjet
59
Explain class 2 division 2 incisor relationship
The lower central incisor edges sit posteriorly relative to the upper central incisor central plateaus The upper central incisors are retroclined Often a minimal overjet
60
Explain class 3 incisor relationship
The lower central incisor edges sit anteriorly relative to the upper central incisor central plateaus overjet is reduced or reversed
61
What classification is relevant to molar relationships?
Angle's classification
62
Explain class I molar relationship
mesio-buccal cusp sits in the buccal groove
63
Explain class II molar relationship
disto-buccal cusp is sitting in the buccal groove
64
Explain class III molar relationship
mesio-buccal cusp has jumped a whole cusp backwards
65
What is a class II mandible?
where the lower first molar is posterior (or more towards the back of the mouth) than the upper first molar
66
What is a class III mandible?
where the lower first molar is anterior (or more towards the front of the mouth) than the upper first molar.

Module 4 (9 decks)

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