Child Language Acquisition

Question 1

What are the features of the pre-reading or pseudo reading

Answer 1

Read to by a caregiver, might imitate reading process, may identify some letters

Question 2

What are the features of initial reading and decoding?

Answer 2

Decode words, understand basics, identify familiar whole words, recognises letters, understanding may be limited

Question 3

What are the features of confirmation and fluency?

Answer 3

Reading becomes faster, reading with fluency, greater sense of text and emerging whole words

Question 4

What are the features of reading for learning?

Answer 4

Not learning to read but reading to learn, access wide range, obtain facts, scan for most relevant details

Question 5

What are the features of multiple viewpoints?

Answer 5

Recognise the meaning conveyed, different focus, more critical readers, Recognise bias, inference in text

Question 6

Whata are the feature of construction and reconstruction?

Answer 6

Read a range of sources, synthesis to develop interpretations, skim and scan, what us and isn’t important to read

Question 7

What are the evaluations of Challs theory of child acquisition?

Answer 7

• are all generalisations
• not all children will reacb the milestones at the same time
• children with difficulties with learning may not reach upper stages of cognitive at all
• preschoolers who haven’t bad access to books will be at a disadvantage
• reading programmes to encourage parents and children to read together

Question 8

What are the features of the preparation stage?

Answer 8

Fine motor skills, basic spelling

Question 9

What are the features of the consolidation stage?

Answer 9

Write as they speak, short declarative, coordinating conjunctions, incomplete sentences

Question 10

What theory did Skinner create?

Answer 10

Behaviourism (positive and negative reinforcement)

Question 11

What theory did Chomsky create?

Answer 11

Innate capacity (natavist theory, univeral grammar)

Question 12

What theories did Bruner and Vygotsky create?

Answer 12

Zone of proximal development(ZPD) and social interaction theory(play)

Question 13

What theory did paiget create?

Answer 13

Cognitive theory (object permanence)

Question 14

What study did burko create?

Answer 14

Wugs study

Question 15

What study did Burko and Brown create?

Answer 15

The Fis study

Question 16

What theory did Halliday create?

Answer 16

Functions of language

Question 17

What theory did lenneburg create?

Answer 17

Critical development period

Question 18

What theory did Genie create?

Answer 18

The feral children

Question 19

What is the focus of the wug study?

Answer 19

How children can understand and apply grammatical rules without copying the language of others

Question 20

What is the focus of the fis study?

Answer 20

How children can ignore correction

Question 21

What Is the focus of the critical development period?

Answer 21

A period in which a child learns to condolidate their language skills. If period is missed they will likely have problems with grammatical constructions at times in sentences

Question 22

What does the cognitive theory look at?

Answer 22

• Importance of how the brain develops
• how this is linked to linguistic development

Question 23

What does Skinner suggest about behaviourism?

Answer 23

Children learn through a reward system

Question 24

What does Chomsky believe about innate capacity?

Answer 24

Each child has an innate capacity to develop language skills

Question 25

What do Bruner and Vygotsky look at about SIT?

Answer 25

The significance of play in language development

Question 26

Define synthetic phonics

Answer 26

Child identify individual phonemes(sounds)

Question 27

Define analytical phonics

Answer 27

Teaches how to use stem phonemes(rime)

Question 28

Give an example of stem phonemes

Answer 28

At - cat,mat,sat

Question 29

What does the linear model suggest?

Answer 29

Children develop their skills in a certain order, learning to speak, then read, then write

Question 30

What does the developmental model suggest?

Answer 30

As skills develop, cognitive skills improve, writing becomes more confident, use increasingly more complex vocab

Question 31

What does the look and say approach involve?

Answer 31

Child learns what the whole word looks and sounds like

Question 32

What are the evaluations of the look and say approach?

Answer 32

1. Relies on memory 2. Difficult to encourage child to become and independant reader as teacher input in required

Question 33

What is the 1st thing to consider when children are learning to write? (Doesn't have to be in order)

Answer 33

Fine motor skills required for gripping the pen

Question 34

What is the 2nd consideration?

Answer 34

The direction that writing flows in

Question 35

What is the 3rd consideration?

Answer 35

Learning cursive writing

Question 36

What is the 4th consideration?

Answer 36

Finger spacing in words

Question 37

What is the 5th consideration?

Answer 37

Size of words (orthography)

Question 38

What is the 6th consideration?

Answer 38

Writing on the line or letters that rest on lines

Question 39

Define phonetic spelling

Answer 39

Spelling as it sounds

Question 40

Define undergeneralisation

Answer 40

Not applying spelling rules

Question 41

Define overgeneralisation

Answer 41

Applying rules to irregular words when they don't appear

Question 42

Define omission

Answer 42

Missing out sounds (esp double letters)

Question 43

Define insertion

Answer 43

Adding in letters that are not there

Question 44

Define substitution

Answer 44

Right letter replaced by an incorrect one

Question 45

Define transposition

Answer 45

Letter are switched around

Question 46

Define inversion

Answer 46

Reversing how a letter is written

Question 47

Who created scaffolding and the teacher feedback?

Answer 47

Vygotsky

Question 48

Describe rule based approach - teacher feedback

Answer 48

Teacher focuses on the errors made and corrects them

Question 49

What is a Criticism of the rule based approach?

Answer 49

Put children off writing - see too many negative comments

Question 50

Describe the creative model - teacher feedback

Answer 50

Creativity is focused on and fed back on rather than pointing out errors

Question 51

What are the evaluations of the creative model?

Answer 51

- allows child to focus on skills - develops their grammatical skills later on - less likely to be afraid of making mistakes

Question 52

What is the 1st stage of writing created by Kroll?

Answer 52

Preparatory stage (up to 6yrs)

Question 53

What is the 2nd stage? Kroll

Answer 53

Consolidation stage (7-8yrs)

Question 54

What is the 3rd stage?

Answer 54

Differentiation stage (9-10yrs)

Question 55

What is the 4th stage?

Answer 55

Integration stage (mid-teens)