Child with Musculoskeletal Condition Flashcards
(50 cards)
Children’s bones have a lower ____ content & greater ____ increasing their bone strength.
- Mineral
2. Porosity
4 things making pediatric skeletal system different from an adult’s:
- Bones aren’t completely ossified
- Epiphyses are present
- Thicker periosteum
- Callus produces quicker
Bone overgrowth is common in healing fracture of children under 1.__, due to the presence of 2.__ and 3.__.
- 10
- Epiphysis
- Hyperemia
The general curvature of a newborn’s spine is a _ shape from the thoracic to pelvic level
C
Observing muscle tone:
Assess symmetry of movement
The strength and contour of the body and extremities
Test by having child push away the examiner’s hand with his/her foot
Neuro exam:
Assess reflexes, sensory, and note presence/absence of spasms
Bone scans are helpful in identifying:
Septic arthritis and tumors
Ultrasound, in relationship to the skeleton is used for ruling out:
Foreign bodies, joint effusions and developmental dysplasia
Contusion
Tearing of sub-q tissue resulting in hemorrhage, edema, and pain
Treating soft tissue injuries:
Apply a cold pack and elastic wrap to reduce swelling, bleeding, and relieve pain
Apply at alternating 30-minute intervals
Spiral femur fracture in a child may indicate:
Abuse
Bryant’s traction:
For treating femur fractures in children under 2 or under 20-30 lbs
Legs are suspended vertically
When is traction used?
When the cast cannot maintain alignment of the two bone fragments
Russel traction
Similar to Buck’s
Sling is positioned under the knee suspending the distal thigh above the bed
Checklist for a traction apparatus:
Weights hanging freely Weights out of reach of the child Ropes on the pulleys Knots not resting against pulleys Bed linens not on traction ropes Counter traction in place Apparatus does not touch foot of bed
Neuro vascular check for tissue perfusion performed on toes or fingers distal to the injury includes:
Peripheral pulse rate and quality Color Capillary refill time Warmth Movement and sensation
Checklist for patient in traction:
Body in alignment
HOB no higher than 20*
Heels of feet elevated from bed
ROM of unaffected limbs check at regular intervals
Anti embolism stocking in place as ordered
Neuro vascular checks performed regularly
Skin integrity monitored regularly
Pain and it’s relief by medication recorded
Measures to prevent constipation
Use of trapeze for change of position encouraged
Compartment syndrome
Progressive loss of tissue perfusion caused by an increase in pressure caused by edema or swelling that presses on vessels and tissues
Circulation is compromised
Checking for nerve damage in a humeral fracture:
Check for sensation over the sprain of the index finger
Can damage the radial nerve
Checking motor function in humeral fracture:
Ask patient to hyperextended the thumb
Checking for sensory function in radial fracture:
Can damage medial and radial nerve
Check for sensation on the palmar surface of the fingers and the thumb half if the palm
Checking motor function of radial fracture
Ask patient to touch thumb to tip of the pinky
Checking sensation in ulnar fracture
Check on border of hand from little finger to ring finger
Can damage the ulnar nerve
Checking motor function of an ulnar fracture
Ask the patient to abduct, or spread, his or her fingers
