Childhood Diseases

Question 1

What is chickenpox caused by?

Answer 1

Varicella zoster virus

Question 2

Who is chickenpox usually seen in?

Answer 2

Children

Question 3

How contagious is chickenpox?

Answer 3

Highly contagious

Question 4

What is the incubation time for chickenpox?

Answer 4

14-21 days

Question 5

How does chickenpox spread?

Answer 5

Droplets and airborne route

Question 6

Clinic features of chickenpox?

Answer 6

1. Ulcers
2. Rash
3. Cervical lymphadenitis
4. Fever
5. Malaise

Question 7

Recovery time for chickenpox?

Answer 7

2-3 weeks

Question 8

What is a complication of chickenpox?

Answer 8

Shingles

Question 9

Signs of Shingles?

Answer 9

1. Pain
2. Rash
3. Mouth ulcers

Question 10

Where do mouth ulcers present in shingles?

Answer 10

1. Mandibular zoster
2. Ipsilateral on buccal + lingual mucosa
3. Maxillary zoster
4. Ipsilateral on palate and vestibule

Question 11

Treatment for shingles?

Answer 11

analgesics + aciclovir

Question 12

What is primary herpetic gingivstomatitis?

Answer 12

Oral disease caused by initial infection with the herpes simplex virus

Question 13

Symptoms of primary herpetic gingivostomatitis?

Answer 13

1. Fever
2. Malaise
3. Cervical lymphadenopathy

Question 14

What does primary herpetic gingivostomatatis look like?

Answer 14

1. Painful, erythematous and swollen gingiva
2. Tiny vesicles on perioral skin
3. Vermillion border of the lips and oral mucosa

Question 15

When does primary herpetic gingivostomatitis happen?

Answer 15

6 months - 6 years

Question 16

What can primary herpetic gingivostomatitis be mistaken for?

Answer 16

Teething

Question 17

How long does it take for lesions of primary herpetic gingivostomatitis to heal?

Answer 17

1 - 2 weeks

Question 18

Complications of primary herpetic gingivostomatitis?

Answer 18

1. Recurrent secondary infections
2. Herpes labialis
3. Intra oral ulceration
4. Herpetic whitlow
5. Eye infection

Question 19

What is hand, foot and mouth disease caused by?

Answer 19

Coxackie virus

Question 20

How does hand, foot and mouth occur?

Answer 20

Epidemics in children under 5

Question 21

Symptoms of hand, foot and mouth?

Answer 21

1. Oral lesions anywhere in mouth - painful
2. Macules and papules on feet, toes, hands and fingers

Question 22

How long does it take for lesions of hand, foot and mouth to heal?

Answer 22

Within 2 weeks

Question 23

What causes mumps?

Answer 23

Viral infection of the salivary glands - mumps virus

Question 24

What is the incubation time for mumps?

Answer 24

14 - 21 days

Question 25

Symptoms of mumps?

Answer 25

1. Painful swelling 2. Bilateral swelling of parotid gland

Question 26

How contagious is measles?

Answer 26

Highly

Question 27

Symptoms of measles?

Answer 27

Systemic and skin rash

Question 28

What is the incubation period of measles?

Answer 28

10 - 14 days

Question 29

Signs of measles?

Answer 29

1. Kopliks spots 2. Red macules with white necrotic centres 3. May occur in oral cavity

Question 30

How contagious is rubella?

Answer 30

Highly

Question 31

How is rubella spread?

Answer 31

Droplet infection

Question 32

What is the incubation time for rubella?

Answer 32

14 - 21 days

Question 33

Symptoms of rubella?

Answer 33

1. Rash on face and behind ears 2. Mild fever 3. Sore throat and enlarged lymph nodes

Question 34

What can rubella do to foetus?

Answer 34

Seriously damage or kill foetus

Question 35

What causes herpangina?

Answer 35

Coxsackie virus

Question 36

What does herpangina look like?

Answer 36

Vesicles appearing on soft palate

Question 37

Symptoms of herpangina?

Answer 37

1. Fever 2. Malaise 3. Sore throat 4. Difficulty swallowing

Question 38

How long for herpangina to resolve?

Answer 38

Within a week

Question 39

What illness can childhood diseases lead to?

Answer 39

Febrile illness

Question 40

What can febrile illness lead to?

Answer 40

Enamel hypoplasia

Question 41

What is enamel hypoplasia?

Answer 41

Incomplete or defective formation of enamel

Question 42

What does enamel hypoplasia look like?

Answer 42

Alteration of tooth form or colour

Question 43

What causes enamel hypoplasia?

Answer 43

Disturbance or damage to the ameloblasts during enamel matrix formation

Question 44

What is one of the most sensitive cell groups in the body?

Answer 44

Ameoloblasts

Question 45

What part of tooth is affected at the time of illness?

Answer 45

The crown