Childhood vaccinations and counselling

Question 1

What immunisations at <1 year old?

Answer 1

​8 weeks

• 6-in-1 vaccine
• Rotavirus vaccine
• MenB

12 weeks

• 6-in-1 vaccine (2nd dose)
• Pneumococcal (PCV) vaccine
• Rotavirus vaccine (2nd dose)

16 weeks

• 6-in-1 vaccine (3rd dose)
• MenB (2nd dose)

Question 2

What immunisations are given at 1 year?

Answer 2

• Hib/MenC (1st dose)
• MMR (1st dose)
• Pneumococcal (PCV) vaccine (2nd dose)
• MenB (3rd dose)

Question 3

What immunisations are given at 2years to 10 years?

Answer 3

• Flu vaccine anually

Question 4

What immunisations at 3 years and 4 months?

Answer 4

• MMR (2nd dose)
• 4-in-1 pre-school booster

Question 5

What immunisations at 12-13 years?

Answer 5

• HPV vaccine

Question 6

What immunisations at 14 years?

Answer 6

• 3-in-1 teenage booster
• MenACWY

Question 7

What does the 6-in-1 vaccine include?

Answer 7

• diphtheria
• hepatitis B
• Hib (Haemophilus influenzae type b)
• polio
• tetanus
• whooping cough (pertussis)

Parents(polio) will (whooping cough) immunise (influenza Hib) toddlers (tetanus) because (hep B) death (diptheria)

Question 8

When are the pneumococcal vaccines given?

Answer 8

• 12 weeks
• 1 year

(and 65 years)

prevents pneumonia, sepsis and meningitis

Question 9

When is the rotavirus vaccine given?

Answer 9

8 weeks and 12 weeks

Question 10

When are the meningococcal vaccines given?

Answer 10

Men B - 8 weeks, 16 weeks and 1 year

MenC - given alongside Hib at 1 year

Men ACWY - 14 years

Question 11

When is the Hib vaccine given?

Answer 11

8 weeks, 12 weeks and 16 weeks in the 6-in-1 vaccine

1 year as MenC/Hib

Question 12

What does the 4-in-1 pre-school booster include?

Answer 12

• diphtheria
• tetanus
• whooping cough
• polio

Question 13

Compared to the 6-in-1 vaccine, what is not included in the 4-in-1 vacccine?

Answer 13

Hib and hepB

Question 14

What is included in the 3-in-1 teenage booster?

Answer 14

• tetanus,
• diphtheria
• polio.

Question 15

What is not included in the 3-in-1 comapred to the 4-in-1?

Answer 15

whooping cough (pertussis)

Question 16

When is the MMR vaccine given?

Answer 16

• 1 year
• 3 years 4 months

Question 17

What type of vaccines are these:

1. 6 in 1
2. 4 in 1
3. 3 in 1

Answer 17

All inactivated - no live virus

Question 18

What type of vaccines are these:

1. MenC/Hib
2. MenACWY
3. MenB

Answer 18

1. MenC/Hib - inactivated
2. MenACWY - component - 4 different surface sugars
3. MenB - rDNA, component, adsorbed - contains 4 different components from the surface of Neisseria meningitidis

Question 19

What type of vaccine is the flu vaccine?

Answer 19

Small amounts of weakened flu viruses - given via nasal spray in children

Question 20

What type of vaccine is the MMR vaccine?

Answer 20

Small amount of weakened measles, mumps and rubella viruses.

Question 21

When is the HPV vaccine given?

Answer 21

Girls and boys aged 12 to 13 years - 2 injections spaced 6 months apart

Question 22

What type of vaccine is the HPV vaccine?

Answer 22

Recombinant, adsorbed

Contains types 6, 11, 16 and 18

Question 23

What type of vaccine is the PCV vaccine?

Answer 23

inactivated or “killed” vaccines and do not contain any live organisms

Question 24

What type of vaccine is the rotavirus vaccine?

Answer 24

live

• should not be given in various conditions e.g. SCID or if infant has had intusussception

Question 25

What are the main questions to ask?

Answer 25

1. “What are your thoughts about immunisations?” 2. “Was there anything you were concerned about?” 3. “What were you hoping we’d do today?” 4. “What do you know about immunisations?”

Question 26

How would you explain the need for immunisations?

Answer 26

1. Protect the child 2. Protect society as a whole

Question 27

What are the benefits of vaccination (explained)?

Answer 27

Dramatically lowers risk of them catching the illness which may be harmful in the **long or short term** By stopping its development, you **also protect children around them** and vulnerable individuals such as pregnant women

Question 28

Which vaccines are live and which are inactivated?

Answer 28

* MMR - live attenuated * DTP, whooping cough - inactivated virus * Hib - polysaccharide extract

Question 29

What should parents expect on the day of vaccination?

Answer 29

1. **Nurse will screen for any contraindications** - e.g. if they've been ill recently, any allergies to make sure you can have the vaccine 2. **Vaccine will then be given** - in the arm/thigh 3. **Normal reactions** include cyring, irritability and a low fever. The area can also be a bit sore and red for about 48 hours. You can give Calpol and a cold compress to help. 4. **Sometimes more serious reactions** can occur but these are rare e.g. an allergic reaction so if you get rashes/ swelling around lips and mouth then contact doctor urgently. If they have a temperature that is not going down with Calpol, also contact the doctor. 5. **Complications** occur in \< 1 in 1000, and severe reactions in less than 1 in 500,000 **but complications of the diseases that we are vaccinating against are much more common and much more serious**

Question 30

"Does the MMR vaccine cause autism?"

Answer 30

**The study** that found that has been disproved. It consisted of a small number of participants who were not randomly chosen and therefore this was not a fair study. **Since then**, many studies have tried and failed to find those results. The researchers who conducted that study have also been struck off. **Giving the MMR vaccine together** is just as safe as giving it separately and is much more common than 3 separate injections for your child.

Question 31

How would you summarise what you've told them?

Answer 31

1. **With your consent** your child will have the vaccinations. 2. **To summarise....** * ...​ the reason is to reduce any harm to your baby and protect vulnerable people around them. * Vaccinations are safe, some minor side effects can occur which are less serious than the complications of the actual illnesses. Can be treated with Calpol. * If you think your child is having a severe allergic reaction, please come into hospital straight away. 3. **Does that all seem clear? Do you have any questions?** 4. \*give leaflet\*