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South America & Mexico > Chile > Flashcards

Chile Flashcards

1
Q

What is the most planted grape variety in Chile?

A
  • Cabernet Sauvignon
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2
Q

Major producers on Apalta vineyard / Location

A
  • Central Valley, Rappel Valley, Valle de Colchagua
  • Lapostolle, Montes, Las Niñas, Neyen
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3
Q

Who produce Purple Angel & what are the grape varieties?

A
  • Montes, Carmenère (92%) Petit Verdot (8%)
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4
Q

What are the requirements for VIGNO?

A
  • Min 85% Carignan, which must be dry farmed
  • head-trained and at least 30 years of age
  • The remainder of the blend must be other old vines, head-trained, dry-farmed fruit from Maule
  • Min 2 years of aging
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5
Q

Who is producing Seña wines? Where is it located?

A
  • Founded by Errazuriz & Robert Mondavi, now 100% owned by Chadwich, also owner of Errazuriz
  • Aconcagua Valley
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6
Q

Which region have a soil similar to Coonawarra in Chile?

A
  • Coquimbo, Limari
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7
Q

What’s the name of the fog in Chile?

A
  • Camanchaca
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8
Q

Who is behind Almaviva project?

A
  • Concha y Toro & Baron Philippe de Rothschild (Central Valley, Maipo)
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9
Q

What is the minimum percentage of a vintage, a varietal and domination of origin for a DO in Chile?

A
  • 75%, but a lot do 85% to follow EU standards for export
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10
Q

What is the minimum alcohol for a DO?

A
  • 11.5% and must be a vitis vinifera
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11
Q

What are the label terms permitted for DO wines?

A
  • Reserva
  • Gran Reserva
  • Reserva Especial
  • Reserva Privada
  • Gran Vino
  • Selección
  • Superior
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12
Q

What is the four-tier system for DO in Chile?

A
  • Viticultural region (region Viticola)
  • Subregion
  • Zone
  • Area
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13
Q

What are the six viticultural regions in Chile?

A
  • Atacama
  • Coquimbo
  • Aconcagua
  • Valle Central
  • Sur
  • Austral
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14
Q

What are the three new divisions for existing DOs based on proximity to the mountains or the ocean?

A
  • Costa
  • Entre Cordilleras
  • Andes
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15
Q

What is the most common type of irrigation in Chile?-

A
  • Drip irrigation, introduced in the early 1990s
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16
Q

True of False, ? In Chile, there is more red grapes planted than white.

A
  • True, about 75% of Chile’s planting
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17
Q

What is the crossing of Carmenère?

A
  • Cabernet Franc & Gros Cabernet
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18
Q

What is the synonym of Muscat of Alexandria in Chile?

A
  • Moscatel
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19
Q

Between Cabernet Sauvignon, Merlot & Carmenère, which one is usually the last to be harvested ?

A
  • Carmenère, about a months after Merlot and two or three weeks after Cabernet Sauvignon
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20
Q

What is one of the chief reasons why Carmenère disappeared in France after phylloxera?

A
  • Carmenère is a difficult grape to graft, long growing season
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21
Q

Name the sub region of the Aconcagua?

A
  • Aconcagua Valley
  • Casablanca Valley
  • San Antonio Valley
    +
  • Valle del Marga-Marga (outside DO subregions)
  • Valle del Zapallar (outside DO subregions)
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22
Q

Who are behind the project Aquitania? Where is it located?

A
  • Bruno Prats (Cos d’Estournel) & Paul Pontaillier (Château Margaux)
  • Maipo
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23
Q

Where is Panquehue located?

A
  • a zone within Aconcagua Valley
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24
Q

Where Torres first established and in what year?

A
  • 1979
  • Curicó
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25
Q

Who was the first winery to produce commercial wine in the Leyda Do?

A
  • Viña Leyda
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26
Q

Who is producing the cuvée Kai? What grape is used?

A
  • Errázuriz, Carmenère grape
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27
Q

What means cabeza?

A
  • head-trained vines
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28
Q

Where do you find Pirque and Puerto Alto?

A
  • Maipo, Central valley
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29
Q

What specific valley is located North of the Tinguiririca river, and in what Region?

A
  • Apalta in Valle de Colchagua (zone), Rapel (subregion)
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30
Q

Lapostolle, Montes, Casa Silva are famous wineries in what region?

A
  • Valle de Colchagua
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31
Q

What is the iconic wine of Lapostolle?

A
  • Clos Apalta
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32
Q

What is the Manso de Velasco plot?

A
  • 100 years old Cabernet Sauvignon vines of Torres in Curico
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33
Q

Who is behind the project Viñedo Chadwick? Where is it located?

A
  • Errázuriz
  • Maipo
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34
Q

Name the two DO in the Austral zone

A
  • Valle del Cautin
  • Valle de Osorno
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35
Q

Errazuriz is a famous producer in what specific region?

A
  • Aconcagua Valley
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36
Q

Who’s producing Don Melchor? Where is it located?

A
  • Concha y Toro in Maipo
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37
Q

Which vintage between 2016, 2017 and 2018 is considered as the best in Chile?

A
  • 2018, slightly cooler, so deliver freshness and concentration

2016 was rainy and 2017 really warm

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38
Q

What is MOVI referring to?

A
  • It’s an association of small quality-oriented Chilean wineries
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39
Q

What is responsible of the weakening or warming of the Humboldt Current? What are the consequences?

A
  • El Niño, Pacific ocean surface temperatures warm off the coasts of Chile and Peru, devastating fish population and increasing rainfall dramatically
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40
Q

What is the appellation goes from the Husasco River Valley to the Peru Border?

A
  • Atacama
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41
Q

Where are the grapes picked to produce Don Melchor, Almaviva and Vinedo Chadwick?

A
  • Maipo Valley
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42
Q

What is the blend of Alpha M from Montes?

A
  • Cabernet based (80%)
  • Cabernet Franc (10%)
  • Merlot (5%)
  • Petit Verdot (5%)
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43
Q

What are the subregions of Sur (south)?

A
  • Itata
  • Bío-Bío
  • Malleco
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44
Q

Where can you find the following wineries: Altaïr, Anakena and Clos des Fous?

A
  • Cachapoal
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45
Q

Who is behind the project Casa Real? Where is it located?

A
  • Santa Rita
  • Maipo
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46
Q

What does Apalta mean?

A
  • Earthquake
47
Q

Between Cachapoal and Colchagua, which one is considered as the warmest? why?

A
  • Cachapoal
  • It lack of access to the coast
48
Q

Concepción, Chile’s 3rd largest city, is closest to what wine region?

A
  • Itata valley
49
Q

The Peumo DO is located in:
San Antonio Valley
Coquimbo
Maipo Valley
Cachapoal Valley

A
  • Cachapoal Valley
50
Q

In which Chilean region would you find significant plantings of Cinsault?

A
  • Itata Valley
51
Q

Sagrada Familia, Rauco, Romeral, and Molina are DO areas within…?

A
  • Curico, Chile
52
Q

Like Carmenère, _________ has often been misidentified in Chilean vineyards as Sauvignon Blanc

A
  • Friulano
53
Q

Which two vintages from 2011-2015 were cooler vintages for Chile?

A
  • 2011
  • 2013
54
Q

Who is the founder of Los Vascos?

A
  • Domaine Barons de Lafite-Rothschild
55
Q

What grape varieties are used for Clos Apalta?

A
  • 48% Carmenère
  • 26% Cabernet Sauvignon
  • 25% Merlot
  • 1% Petit Verdot
56
Q

Name the six regional Denominations of Origin of Chile.

A
  • Atacama
  • Coquimbo
  • Aconcagua
  • Central Valley
  • Sur
  • Austral
57
Q

In which Chilean DO do we find the most grapes planted for Pisco ?

A
  • Coquimbo DO
58
Q

Which Chillean DO surround Santiago to the north and west ?

A
  • Aconcagua DO
59
Q

Name the three sub-regions of Aconcagua DO.

A
  • Aconcagua
  • Casablanca
  • San Antonio Valleys
60
Q

Name the four sub-regions of Central Valley Do.

A
  • Maipo
  • Rappel
  • Curico
  • Maule Valley
61
Q

King grape of Maipo DO ?

A
  • Cabernet Sauvignon
62
Q

Best suited white grapes for Casablanca and San Antonio ?

A
  • Sauvignon Blanc
  • Chardonnay
63
Q

Name the sub-regions of Rappel Valley DO.

A
  • Cachapoal
  • Colchagua Valley
64
Q

Chile’s largest winegrowing area ?

A
  • Maule Valley DO
65
Q

What is the star grape of Itata DO, sub-region in Sur DO ?

A
  • Pais
66
Q

Which Spanish grape is similar to Mission ?

A
  • Listan Prieto
67
Q

Name the cooling current from the Ocean that affect wine regions of Chile.

A
  • Humboldt
  • Flows northward up the coast
  • Cools the air passing over it
  • Limiting precipitation and contributing to an inversion layer that traps colder air near the earth’s surface
  • One can witness the inversion quite clearly in the stagnant smog of Santiago
68
Q

In Chile, what is the % rule regarding vintage, variety, and denomination of origin must, if listed on the bottle ?

A
  • 75 %
  • Many observe an 85% minimum for all three categories, in order to comply with EU standards for export.
69
Q

True or False ? In Chile, hybrids are forbidden ?

A
  • True
70
Q

What is the difference between a Reserva (or Reserva Especial) and a Reserva Privada (or Gran Reserva) in Chile?

A
  • Reserva Especial = min. 12% ABV
  • Reserva Privada = min. 12,5% ABV
  • In addition, Reserva Especial and Gran Reserva wines spend mandatory time in oak
  • No real practical meaning - usually indicate the low tiers of wines in any producer’s portfolio
71
Q

Name the three sub-regions of Coquimbo DO.

A
  • Limari
  • Elqui Valley
  • Choapa
72
Q

River of Aconcagua ?

A
  • Aconcagua river
73
Q

Where do we find those DO zones ; Leyda Valley – Lo Abarco ?

A
  • San Antonia Area
  • South of Casablanca
74
Q

Chile’s largest producers ?

A
  • Concha y Toro
75
Q

Who produce top cuvée ‘Vinedo Chadwick’ ?

A
  • Errazuriz
  • The 2000 “Viñedo Chadwick” took first place in the 2004 Berlin Tasting.
76
Q

Who produce top cuvée ‘Alpha M’ ?

A
  • Vina Montes
  • Apalta DO, in Colchagua
77
Q

Name the three valleys of Sur DO.

A
  • Itata
  • Bio Bio
  • Malleco
78
Q

Name the two mountains range of Chile.

A
  • Andes
  • Cordilleras de la Costa (Coastal Range)
79
Q

What is ‘El Nino’ ?

A
  • The weather phenomenon known as El Niño is caused by a weakening and warming of the Humboldt Current. It occurs irregularly every few years, and its effects can last for a year or more. Pacific Ocean surface temperatures warm off the coasts of Chile and Peru, devastating fish populations and increasing rainfall dramatically in the arid regions of both countries.
80
Q

In Chile, where do we find Puente Alto DO ?

A
  • In Valle del Maipo DO
  • Which is in Valle Central DO
81
Q

True or False ? The varietla ‘Paîs’ cannot appear on a label of a Chile wine.

A
  • True
82
Q

When was created the three new divisions for existing DOs based on proximity to mountains or ocean ?

A
  • 2012
  • Costa (“coast”), Entre Cordilleras (“between the mountains”), and Andes
83
Q

Most planted grape of Chile ?

A
  • Cabernet Sauvignon
84
Q

Difference between Chilean Carmenère and Merlot ?

A
  • Carmenère ripens more than a month later than Merlot
  • Its cluster is tighter, and its leaves turn a deep red in the autumn
  • Carmenère is a more difficult grape to graft – explain why it disappeared in France after phylloxera
  • Both grapes like humid clay soils, but Carmenère needs much warmer sites overall
85
Q

Who is Jean-Michel Bourisqot, and why is he important in Chile ?

A
  • French ampelographer
  • Visited Viña Carmen in Maipo Valley (around 1994)
86
Q

Synonym of Carmenère ?

A
  • Grande Vidure
87
Q

Why Carmenère taste so ‘green’ ?

A
  • Both parent are full of pyrazine
  • Cabernet Franc x Gros Cabernet
88
Q

Who produce top cuvée ‘Carmin de Peumo’ ?

A
  • Concha y Toro
89
Q

Name some of the best spot for Carmenère in Chile.

A
  • Apalta (Colchagua)
  • Los Lingues (Colchagua)
  • Peumo (Cachapoal)
90
Q

Which region of Chile is historically put forward for pisco production ?

A
  • Elqui Valley (Pisco Elqui)
  • In Coquimbo DO
  • Pisco earned an appellation of origin in Chile in 1931 and in Peru in 1991
  • The original port of Pisco is located in Peru, but Chile changed the name of an Andean town in the upper Elqui Valley to “Pisco Elqui” in order to provide rationale for the Chilean appellation of origin
  • As of 2013, the EU rejected Chile’s argument for origin and recognizes only Peru’s geographic designation for the spirit.
91
Q

In Chile, what is a ‘Piscola’ ?

A
  • A cocktail
  • Pisco + Coca-Cola
92
Q

Where in Chile do we find calcareous soils—red clay atop limestone alike the terra rossa of Coonawarra ?

A
  • Limari DO
93
Q

Highest peak in South America ?

A
  • Mt. Aconcagua
  • The massive mountain is about 15 km across the Argentinean border, in Mendoza
94
Q

True or False ? Vina Errazuriz is the oldest winery of Chile, founded in 1870.

A
  • True
95
Q

What tragic event happened in Chile in 2010 ?

A
  • Earthquake
96
Q

What does « VIGNO » stands for in Chile ?

A
  • Min 85% Carignan
  • Dry-farmed wines
  • Min 2 yr aging
  • Min 30 yr old rootstock
97
Q

Mountains that influence Bio-Bio & Malleco ?

A
  • Nahuelbuta Mountains
98
Q

What is the main vine growing region of Mexico ?

A
  • Valle de Guadalupe
  • Elevation and microclimate make it ideally suited for winemaking
  • 70% of all Mexico’s wines
99
Q

Which Chablis producer developed a project in Maipo?

A
  • William Fèvre
100
Q

Why a considerable number of producers grafted their vines even if there is no phylloxera in Chile?

A
  • Encourage even ripening
  • Adapt varieties to specific sites
  • Resistance to local problems such as nematodes
  • In case the recent influx of visitors from other wine regions should unwittingly import phylloxera
101
Q

Which region has the highest elevation in Chile?

A
  • Elqui
102
Q

What are the two zones of San Antonio?

A
  • Lo Abarca
  • Leyda Valley
103
Q

Who is producing the cuvée Sol del Sol Chardonnay in Malleco?

A
  • Vina Aquitania
104
Q

The great majority if Chilean wine is located between which latitudes?

A
  • 32-38 degrees
105
Q

What are the five geographic sector of Chile?

A
  • Norte Grande
  • Norte Chico
  • Zona Central
  • Zona Sur
  • Zona Austral
  • most of the viticulture is within zona central
106
Q

What are the three main climates of winemaking region in Chile?

A
  • Norte Chico: hot and arid
  • Zona Central: warm and mediterranean
  • Zona Sur: cool, rainy and maritime
107
Q

Where can we find one third of the Chilean Carmènere?

A
  • Colchagua
108
Q

What are the most used grape varieties for Chilean Pisco?

A
  • Moscatel (muscat of Alexandria)
  • Moscatel Rosado
  • Moscatel de Austria (Torrontés Sanjuanino)
  • Torontel
  • Pedro Jiménez
109
Q

If a wine is labelled Costa, Andes or Entre Cordilleras, what is the min % from this region?

A
  • 85%
110
Q

High altitude Elqui vineyards are gaining attention for which grape variety?

A
  • Syrah
111
Q

What is the first vintage of Seña?

A
  • 1995
112
Q

What is the most of the Carmenère planted in Chile?

A
  • Colchagua
113
Q

What river affects Puento Alto DO?

A
  • Maipo River

South America & Mexico (3 decks)

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