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Chile Flashcards

1
Q

What is the only major winemaking country to remain totally phylloxera-free?

A

Chile

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2
Q

What is the ancestral history of País in South America? What is it called in other countries?

A

País: aka The Mission grape (US) / Listán Prieto (Canary Islands, Spain) /

Criolla Chica (Argentina)

País originiated in the Canary Islands (Spain) and was one of the first grapes to arrive in the Americas. Various offshoots from the grape provided early viticultural material for Central/South America and California. Until the 21st century, País was the most planted grape in Chile and played an important historical role in viticulture in Argentina, although plantings are not prevalent today.

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3
Q

País is a synonym for which grape in Argentina?

A

Criolla Chica

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4
Q

País is a synonym for which grape in the US?

A

The Mission grape

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5
Q

Torrontés Riojano is a crossing of which two grapes?

A

Criolla Chica x Muscat of Alexandria

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6
Q

What are the three varieties of Torrontés planted in Argentina?

A
  1. Torrontés Riojano (the best)
  2. Torrontés Mendocino
  3. Torrontés Sanjuanino
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7
Q

Ampelographical research determined that much of Chile’s Sauvignon Blanc was actually _______.

A

Sauvignon Vert (Friulano)

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8
Q

What is the synonym for Sauvignon Vert in Italy?

A

Friulano

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9
Q

From north to south, list the 6 regional DO’s of Chile

A
  1. Atacama
  2. Coquimbo
  3. Aconcagua
  4. Valle Central
  5. Sur
  6. Austral
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10
Q

Which regional DO’s in Chile have a dry and desert-like climate?

A

The northernmost regions of Atacama and Coquimbo

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11
Q

Primary style of wine produced in Atacama and Coquimbo?

A

Grapes for Pisco production and table grapes

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12
Q

What are some factors that influence the climate in Chile?

A
  1. Humboldt Current (cold, maritime wind from the Pacific)
  2. Coastal Mountains
  3. Andes Mountains
  4. Changes in latitude
  5. Changes in elevation
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13
Q

Vintage, varietal and denomination of origin must, if listed on the bottle, comprise a minimum ___% of the blend.

A

75%

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14
Q

Chilean law requires all wines to show a minimum abv of ____%.

A

11.5%

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15
Q

Wines labeled Reserva and Reserva Especial must have a minimum ____% abv?

A

12%

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16
Q

Wines labeled Reserva Privada and Gran Reserva require a minimum ___% abv.

A

12.5%

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17
Q

Which labeling terms imply mandatory time in oak?

A
  • Reserva Especial*
  • Gran Reserva*
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18
Q

Main grape used for distillation in Chile?

A

Muscat of Alexandria

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19
Q

What are the 2 DO’s in Atacama?

A
  1. Copiapó
  2. Huasco
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20
Q

Atacama, Chile’s most northern winegrowing region, is best known for what?

A

Pisco production

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21
Q

What are the 3 DO’s of Coquimbo?

A
  1. Elqui
  2. Limarí
  3. Choapa
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22
Q

Elqui Valley is best known for which grape?

A

Syrah

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23
Q

Limarí Valley is best known for which grape?

A

Chardonnay

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24
Q

Name the 3 DO’s of Anconcagua

A
  1. Aconcagua
  2. Casablanca
  3. San Antonio
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25
Q

What is the major river of the Aconcagua DO?

A

The Aconcagua River

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26
Q

Primary soil type of Aconcagua?

A

Alluvial

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27
Q

Two main grapes of Aconcagua?

A

Cabernet Sauvignon and Merlot

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28
Q

What is the climate of Aconcagua DO?

A

Sunny, dry and hot

29
Q

Panquehue is a DO area in?

A

Aconcagua DO

30
Q

Where is Errázruiz located?

A

Panquehue in Aconcagua DO

31
Q

Who produces Seña?

A

Errazruiz

32
Q

Seña was a collaboration between which two winemaking families?

A

Vina Errazruiz and Robert Mondavi

33
Q

Which winemaking family now owns Seña?

A

Chadwick

34
Q

What is the history of Seña?

A

Originally a joint venture of Errazruiz (now owned by Chadwick) and Robert Mondavi, the iconic wine is a blend of the 6 Bordeaux grapes. It scored ahead of both Château Lafite and Château Margaux in the 2004 Berlin Tasting–a milestone for the Chilean wine industry likened to the famous 1976 Judgement of Paris.

35
Q

What are the primary grapes of Casablanca?

A

Sauvignon Blanc and Chardonnay

36
Q

What is the climate of Casablanca and San Antonio?

A

Cool and nearer to the coast

37
Q

Leyda, Lo Abarca, Rosario and Malvilla are subzones of which DO in Chile?

A

San Antonio DO

38
Q

San Antonio DO is best known for white or red wines?

A

Whites–cool climate, near the coast

39
Q

Name the four subregions of the Central Valley DO from north to south.

A
  1. Maipo Valley
  2. Rapel Valley
  3. Curicó
  4. Maule Valley
40
Q

The Maipo Valley is best known for which grape?

A

Cabernet Sauvignon

41
Q

Other important grapes in the Maipo Valley?

A

Merlot

Chardonnay

Carmenère

42
Q

Who is Chile’s largest producer?

A

Concha y Toro

43
Q

Name three well-known producers in Maipo.

A
  1. Concha y Toro
  2. Santa Rita
  3. Cousiño Macul
44
Q

Puente Alto (Andes) is a subregion of ____?

A

Maipo Valley in the Central Region DO

45
Q

Concha y Toro, Errázruiz and Viña Almaviva are all located where?

A

In the Maipo Valley

46
Q

Who produces Don Melchor and where?

A

Concha y Toro, Puente Alto in the Maipo Valley

47
Q

Who makes Viñedo Chadwick and where?

A

Errázruiz, Puente Alto in the Maipo Valley

48
Q

What is the history of Viñedo Chadwick?

A

Owned by the Chadwick family, who are also proprietors of Errázruiz. The 2000 Viñedo Chadwick took first place in the 2004 Berlin Tasting. The 2014 vintage was awarded 100 points.

49
Q

Almaviva is a joint project between ____?

A

Baron Philippe de Rothschild (Mouton-Rothschild) and Concha y Toro.

50
Q

What is the grape of Concha y Toro’s Don Melchor?

A

Cabernet Sauvignon

51
Q

What is the grape of Errázruiz’s Viñedo Chadwick?

A

Cabernet Sauvignon

52
Q

What is the main grape of Almaviva?

A

Cabernet Sauvignon

53
Q

What are the 2 DO’s of the Rapel Valley?

A
  1. Cachapoal
  2. Colchagua
54
Q

Main grapes of the Rapel Valley?

A
  1. Cabernet Sauvignon
  2. Merlot
  3. Carmenère
55
Q

San Fernando and Chimnarongo are cooler, Andes subregions of ____?

A

The Colchagua Valley

56
Q

Where is Apalta?

A

Colchagua Valley

57
Q

Who makes Clos Apalta and where?

A

Casa Lapostolle in Apalta, in Colchagua

58
Q

Who makes Alpha M and where?

A

Viña Montes, in Apalta, in Colchagua Valley

59
Q

Who makes Purple Angel and where?

A

Viña Montes, in Colchagua

60
Q

What is the grape of Viña Montes’ Purple Angel?

A

Carmenère

61
Q

What style of wine is Casa Lapostolle’s Clos Apalta and Viña Montes’ Alpha M?

A

Bordeaux-style blends

62
Q

What is the main grape of the Maule Valley?

A

Cabernet Sauvignon

63
Q

Lontué and Teno are subregions of ____?

A

Curicó

64
Q

Main grape of Curicó?

A

Cabernet Sauvignon

65
Q

What are the 3 subregions of Sur DO?

A
  1. Itata
  2. Bío Bío
  3. Malleco
66
Q

What are the two most planted grapes in Itata and Bío Bío?

A

País and Muscat de Alexandria

67
Q

Explain these terms:

  1. Costa
  2. Entre Cordilleras
  3. Andes
A

In 2012, the Chilean Ministry of Agriculture amended wine law to support three new geographic terms: Costa, Entre Cordilleras, Andes

Appended to pre-existing DO’s, they indicate proximity to the coast, mountains or the valley areas between the mountains

68
Q

In order to use the terms “Costa, Entre Cordilleras, Andes,” what percentage of grapes must be harvested in the appropriate region?

A

85%

69
Q
A

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