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Chile Flashcards

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1
Q

What is the only major winemaking country to remain totally phylloxera-free?

A

Chile

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2
Q

What is the ancestral history of País in South America? What is it called in other countries?

A

País: aka The Mission grape (US) / Listán Prieto (Canary Islands, Spain) /

Criolla Chica (Argentina)

País originiated in the Canary Islands (Spain) and was one of the first grapes to arrive in the Americas. Various offshoots from the grape provided early viticultural material for Central/South America and California. Until the 21st century, País was the most planted grape in Chile and played an important historical role in viticulture in Argentina, although plantings are not prevalent today.

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3
Q

País is a synonym for which grape in Argentina?

A

Criolla Chica

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4
Q

País is a synonym for which grape in the US?

A

The Mission grape

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5
Q

Torrontés Riojano is a crossing of which two grapes?

A

Criolla Chica x Muscat of Alexandria

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6
Q

What are the three varieties of Torrontés planted in Argentina?

A
  1. Torrontés Riojano (the best)
  2. Torrontés Mendocino
  3. Torrontés Sanjuanino
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7
Q

Ampelographical research determined that much of Chile’s Sauvignon Blanc was actually _______.

A

Sauvignon Vert (Friulano)

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8
Q

What is the synonym for Sauvignon Vert in Italy?

A

Friulano

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9
Q

From north to south, list the 6 regional DO’s of Chile

A
  1. Atacama
  2. Coquimbo
  3. Aconcagua
  4. Valle Central
  5. Sur
  6. Austral
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10
Q

Which regional DO’s in Chile have a dry and desert-like climate?

A

The northernmost regions of Atacama and Coquimbo

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11
Q

Primary style of wine produced in Atacama and Coquimbo?

A

Grapes for Pisco production and table grapes

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12
Q

What are some factors that influence the climate in Chile?

A
  1. Humboldt Current (cold, maritime wind from the Pacific)
  2. Coastal Mountains
  3. Andes Mountains
  4. Changes in latitude
  5. Changes in elevation
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13
Q

Vintage, varietal and denomination of origin must, if listed on the bottle, comprise a minimum ___% of the blend.

A

75%

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14
Q

Chilean law requires all wines to show a minimum abv of ____%.

A

11.5%

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15
Q

Wines labeled Reserva and Reserva Especial must have a minimum ____% abv?

A

12%

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16
Q

Wines labeled Reserva Privada and Gran Reserva require a minimum ___% abv.

A

12.5%

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17
Q

Which labeling terms imply mandatory time in oak?

A
  • Reserva Especial*
  • Gran Reserva*
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18
Q

Main grape used for distillation in Chile?

A

Muscat of Alexandria

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19
Q

What are the 2 DO’s in Atacama?

A
  1. Copiapó
  2. Huasco
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20
Q

Atacama, Chile’s most northern winegrowing region, is best known for what?

A

Pisco production

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21
Q

What are the 3 DO’s of Coquimbo?

A
  1. Elqui
  2. Limarí
  3. Choapa
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22
Q

Elqui Valley is best known for which grape?

A

Syrah

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23
Q

Limarí Valley is best known for which grape?

A

Chardonnay

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24
Q

Name the 3 DO’s of Anconcagua

A
  1. Aconcagua
  2. Casablanca
  3. San Antonio
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25
What is the major river of the Aconcagua DO?
The Aconcagua River
26
Primary soil type of Aconcagua?
Alluvial
27
Two main grapes of Aconcagua?
Cabernet Sauvignon and Merlot
28
What is the climate of Aconcagua DO?
Sunny, dry and hot
29
Panquehue is a DO area in?
Aconcagua DO
30
Where is Errázruiz located?
Panquehue in Aconcagua DO
31
Who produces *Seña?*
Errazruiz
32
*Seña* was a collaboration between which two winemaking families?
Vina Errazruiz and Robert Mondavi
33
Which winemaking family now owns Seña?
Chadwick
34
What is the history of Seña?
Originally a joint venture of Errazruiz (now owned by Chadwick) and Robert Mondavi, the iconic wine is a blend of the 6 Bordeaux grapes. It scored ahead of both Château Lafite and Château Margaux in the 2004 Berlin Tasting--a milestone for the Chilean wine industry likened to the famous 1976 Judgement of Paris.
35
What are the primary grapes of Casablanca?
Sauvignon Blanc and Chardonnay
36
What is the climate of Casablanca and San Antonio?
Cool and nearer to the coast
37
Leyda, Lo Abarca, Rosario and Malvilla are subzones of which DO in Chile?
San Antonio DO
38
San Antonio DO is best known for white or red wines?
Whites--cool climate, near the coast
39
Name the four subregions of the Central Valley DO from north to south.
1. Maipo Valley 2. Rapel Valley 3. Curicó 4. Maule Valley
40
The Maipo Valley is best known for which grape?
Cabernet Sauvignon
41
Other important grapes in the Maipo Valley?
Merlot Chardonnay Carmenère
42
Who is Chile's largest producer?
Concha y Toro
43
Name three well-known producers in Maipo.
1. Concha y Toro 2. Santa Rita 3. Cousiño Macul
44
Puente Alto (Andes) is a subregion of \_\_\_\_?
Maipo Valley in the Central Region DO
45
Concha y Toro, Errázruiz and Viña Almaviva are all located where?
In the Maipo Valley
46
Who produces *Don Melchor* and where?
Concha y Toro, Puente Alto in the Maipo Valley
47
Who makes *Viñedo Chadwick* and where?
Errázruiz, Puente Alto in the Maipo Valley
48
What is the history of Viñedo Chadwick?
Owned by the Chadwick family, who are also proprietors of Errázruiz. The 2000 Viñedo Chadwick took first place in the 2004 Berlin Tasting. The 2014 vintage was awarded 100 points.
49
Almaviva is a joint project between \_\_\_\_?
Baron Philippe de Rothschild (Mouton-Rothschild) and Concha y Toro.
50
What is the grape of Concha y Toro's *Don Melchor?*
Cabernet Sauvignon
51
What is the grape of Errázruiz's *Viñedo Chadwick?*
Cabernet Sauvignon
52
What is the main grape of Almaviva?
Cabernet Sauvignon
53
What are the 2 DO's of the Rapel Valley?
1. Cachapoal 2. Colchagua
54
Main grapes of the Rapel Valley?
1. Cabernet Sauvignon 2. Merlot 3. Carmenère
55
San Fernando and Chimnarongo are cooler, Andes subregions of \_\_\_\_?
The Colchagua Valley
56
Where is Apalta?
Colchagua Valley
57
Who makes *Clos Apalta* and where?
Casa Lapostolle in Apalta, in Colchagua
58
Who makes *Alpha M* and where?
Viña Montes, in Apalta, in Colchagua Valley
59
Who makes *Purple Angel* and where?
Viña Montes, in Colchagua
60
What is the grape of Viña Montes' *Purple Angel?*
Carmenère
61
What style of wine is Casa Lapostolle's *Clos Apalta* and Viña Montes' *Alpha M?*
Bordeaux-style blends
62
What is the main grape of the Maule Valley?
Cabernet Sauvignon
63
Lontué and Teno are subregions of \_\_\_\_?
Curicó
64
Main grape of Curicó?
Cabernet Sauvignon
65
What are the 3 subregions of Sur DO?
1. Itata 2. Bío Bío 3. Malleco
66
What are the two most planted grapes in Itata and Bío Bío?
País and Muscat de Alexandria
67
Explain these terms: 1. Costa 2. Entre Cordilleras 3. Andes
In 2012, the Chilean Ministry of Agriculture amended wine law to support three new geographic terms: Costa, Entre Cordilleras, Andes Appended to pre-existing DO's, they indicate proximity to the coast, mountains or the valley areas between the mountains
68
In order to use the terms "Costa, Entre Cordilleras, Andes," what percentage of grapes must be harvested in the appropriate region?
85%
69

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