Cholesterol + CHD Flashcards Preview

Semester 5 - CPT > Cholesterol + CHD > Flashcards

Flashcards in Cholesterol + CHD Deck (12)
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1
Q

What has the Framingham study shown?

A

Correlation between total serum cholesterol and CHD incidence

2
Q

How do oxidised LDL’s promote atherogenesis?

A
  • Inhibit macrophage motility
  • Induce T-cell activation
  • Toxic to endothelial cells
  • Enhances platelet aggregation
3
Q

What has the Seven Countries Study found?

A

Significant correlation between total serum cholesterol and deaths from CHD in Northern Europe and the US, but not in Southern Europe ands Japan

4
Q

What is the target total cholesterol level?

A

< 5 mmol/L

5
Q

What is the indications for starting a patient on a statin?

A
  • If QRISK2 score is 10% or more
  • Type 1 diabetics
  • CKD
  • Familial hypercholesterolaemia
6
Q

What does the QRISK2 score show?

A

A persons risk of developing CVD over the next 10 years

7
Q

At what QRISK2 score would you consider starting the patient on a statin?

A

10% or more

8
Q

What is the mechanism of action of statins?

A
  • Inhibit HMG-CoA reductase = inhibit the formation of cholesterol in the liver
  • ^synthesis of LDL receptors = ^clearance of LDL + VLDL
9
Q

What is the first-line lipid modification treatment which should be offered for primary prevention of CVD?

A

Atorvastatin 20mg OD

10
Q

List some side effects of statins:

A
  • Myalgia
  • Myopathy
  • Rhabdomyolysis
  • GI disturbances
  • Headache
  • Pruritus
  • Rash
  • Arthralgia
  • Fatigue
  • Hepatitis
11
Q

List some common or very common side effects of Atorvastatin:

A
  • Back pain
  • Epistaxis
  • Hyperglycaemia
  • Nasopharyngitis
  • Pharyngeolaryngeal pain
12
Q

Myopathy is often seen when statins are combined with which other drugs/supplements?

A
  • Ciclosporin
  • Gemfibrozil
  • Erythromycin
  • Niacin