Cholesterol Metabolism Flashcards
(18 cards)
Explain the source of cholesterol
What is the site and time of the de novo synthesis of cholesterol
What is the most important step in de novo synthesis of cholesterol
Explain the most important step of de novo synthesis of cholesterol
What is the difference between 2 steps of cholesterol synthesis and ketogenesis
What is the regulation step of cholesterol synthesis
Explain the mechanism of regulation
Explain allosteric feedback inhibition regulation
Explain covalent modification regulation
Explain the substrate availability regulation
Explain the long term regulation
Define hypercholesterolemia
What are the complications of hypercholesterolemia
What are the risk factors of hypercholesterolemia associated with lifestyle
Excess carbohydrates and fat diet -> increase VLDL and then LDL cholesterol in blood
Coffee drinking and cigarette smoking increase mobilization of lipolysis from adipose tissue and increase plasma proteins
Sedentary lifestyle: energy input more than output so energy used for synthesis of new FA, TAGs and cholesterol
What are the risk factors of hypercholesterolemia associated with diseases
Hypothyroidism -> decrease receptors for HDL in liver
Diabetes mellitis -> no insulin so increase lipolysis so increase acetylCoA directed to cholesterol synthesis and ketogenesis.
Obstructive jaundice -> due to decreased excretion of cholesterol and bile acids
Nephrotic syndrome -> due to increased hepatic lipogenesis
Obesity
Familial hypercholesterolemia due to defect in LDL receptors
Chronic stress which increases stress hormones to stimulate lipolysis
Hot to treat hypercholesterolemia through diet
What other lifestyle changes could be done for hypercholesterolemia
Avoid smoking and decrease coffee drinking
Exercise to avoid obesity
What are pharmacological treatment of hypercholesterolemia
