Cholinergic agonists Flashcards
(16 cards)
Is Acetylcholine a direct or indirect cholinergic agonist and what type is it?
Direct acting
Choline esters
What receptors does Ach bind?
Muscarinic and Nicotinic
Clinical uses of Ach
Miosis (excessive pupil constriction) after lens removal , provoke coronary artery spasm
What receptor does Bethanechol bind and what is its clinical use?
Muscarinic.
Treatment of urinary retention (Stimulates bladder)
*Megacolon (Stimulates GI muscles)
Pilocarpine- director indirect?
Direct agonist.
clinical use of Pilocarpine
Decreases IOP
Ophthalmology- Chronic open angle glaucoma, Primary closed angle glaucoma, pending surgery. Xerostomia (oral dryness)
Edrophonium-direct or indirect.
Indirect reversible Agonist
Use of Edrophonium
Initial diagnosis of Myasthenia gravis
Neostigmine
-direct or indirect.
Reversible indirect agonist
Use of Neostigmine
Myasthenia gravis (treatment); postoperative urinary retention
Use of Physostigmine
Myasthenia gravis; postoperative urinary retention
Is Physostigmine direct or indirect and its uses
Indirect irreversible
Reversal of central nervous system effects of antimuscarinic drugs such as atropine
Adverse effects of cholinergic agonists
Diarrhea
Urination
Miosis and Muscle weakness
Bronchorrhea (excessive watery mucus)
Bradycardia
Emesis (vomiting)
Lacrimation
Salivation
Echothiophate-direct/indirect acting
indirect irreversible
Mechanism of action of Echothiophate
Covalently bind to AChE, inhibit enzyme irreversibly,-> increase [ACh] in
synapses; organophosphate compounds; permanent inactivation of the enzyme; enzyme loses the ethyl group/s (ageing), and cannot be re-activated
Use of echothiophate
Eye ointment for chronic open angle glaucoma only
