cholinergic drugs

Question 1

Parasympathomimetics and cholinomimetics stimulate the parasympathetic the same way ___ does

Answer 1

acetylcholine

Question 2

direct cholinergic drugs do what?

Answer 2

stimulate cholinergic receptors

Question 3

indirect cholinergic drugs do what?

Answer 3

slow acetylcholine metabolism

Question 4

what does acetylcholine do? **

Answer 4

stimulates salivary and gastric glands; gut to increase peristalsis; relaxation of sphincters to facilitate movement of feces and flatus

Question 5

direct acting cholinergic drugs do what?

Answer 5

** decrease heart rate, vasodilation and unpredictable

changes in BP

Question 6

what do direct acting cholinergic do for GI, urinary, muscle tone, eye muscle, lungs etc.

Answer 6

**inc tone and contractility of GI smooth muscle, relaxation of sphincters, increased salivary gland and GI secretions

**inc tone and contractility of smooth muscle in urainary bladder and relaxation of sphincter

inc tone nad contractility of bronchial smooth muscle and inc resp secretions

constructions of pupils and contraction of ciliary muscle, resulting in accommodation

Question 7

what do you use indirect acting cholinergics for? some examples of drugs ?

Answer 7

treatment for alzheimers disease.

Donepezil (Aricept)- used to treat mild to moderate Alzheimer’s disease
Galantamine (Reminyl)- newest long-acting anticholinesterase drug
Rivastigmine (Exelon)- long-acting central anticholinesterase drug

Question 8

MOA of direct-acting cholinergics? (duration, where does it effect, solubility)

Answer 8

Lipid insoluble
Longer duration of action than acetylcholine
Widespread systemic effects

Question 9

MOA of anti-cholinesterase drugs?

Answer 9

Decrease the inactivation of acetylcholine in the synapse

Reversible or irreversible

Question 10

indications for use of cholinergic drugs?

Answer 10

limited but varied uses
**urinary retention to bladder atony (*bethanechol (duvoid), direct acting drug)

anti-cholinesterase agents

• diagnosis and treatment of myasthenia gravis
• reverse the action of non-depolarizing neuromuscular blocking agents
• **donepezil (Aricept), rivastigmine (Exelon), and galantamine (Reminyl) used for Alzheimer’s

Question 11

contraindications to use for cholinergic drugs??

Answer 11

Urinary or GI tract obstruction 
Asthma
Peptic ulcer disease 
Inflammatory abdominal conditions 
Recent bowel surgery
Coronary artery disease 
Hyperthyroidism

Question 12

what is the most important reason cholinergic drugs are contraindicated in individuals with asthma?

a. Increased respiratory secretions
b. Bronchodilation
c. Relax smooth muscles
d. Bronchoconstriction

Answer 12

d

Question 13

what kind of drug is betanechol (duvoid)

Answer 13

direct acting cholinergics

usually used for urinary atony

Question 14

what kinds of drugs are Neostigmine (Prostigmin)
Edrophonium (Tensilon)
Pyridostigmine (Mestinon, Mestinon SR)

Answer 14

Reversible Indirect-Acting Cholinergics (Anti-Cholinesterases)

Question 15

what are some kinds of Reversible Indirect-Acting Cholinergics (Anti-Cholinesterases) used for Alzheimer’s Disease

Answer 15

Donepezil (Aricept)
Galantamine (Reminyl)
Rivastigmine (Exelon)