Cholinergics vs anticholinergics

Question 1

Bethanechol

Answer 1

Cholinergic

Question 2

Carbachol

Answer 2

Cholinergic

Question 3

Pilocarpine

Answer 3

Cholinergic used in glaucoma

Question 4

Methacholine

Answer 4

Cholinergic used to induce a bronchial challenge test

Question 5

Neostigmine

Answer 5

Cholinergic

Question 6

Pyridostigmine

Answer 6

Cholinergic used in myasthenia gravis

Question 7

Edrophonium

Answer 7

Cholinergic

Question 8

Physostigmine

Answer 8

Cholinergic used in glaucoma and atropine overdoses

Question 9

Donepezil

Answer 9

Cholinergic used to improve Alzheimer dementia

Question 10

Rivastigmine

Answer 10

Cholinergic

Question 11

Galantamine

Answer 11

Cholinergic

Question 12

Atropine

Answer 12

Anti-Cholinergic (parasympathemimetic)

used in myasthenia gravis, symptomatic unstable sinus bradycardia, uveitis, anticholinesterase poisoninf and scorpion stings

disinhibits parasympathetics by blocking them and allowing sympathetic stimulation

Question 13

Scopolamine

Answer 13

Anti-Cholinergic

Question 14

Tropicamide

Answer 14

Anti-Cholinergic

Question 15

Benztropine

Answer 15

Anti-Cholinergic used to decrease extrapyramidal symptoms and to decrease Parkinson effects

Question 16

Biperiden

Answer 16

Anti-Cholinergic

Question 17

Trihexyphenidyl

Answer 17

Anti-Cholinergic

Question 18

Oxybutynin

Answer 18

Anti-Cholinergic

Question 19

Tolterodine

Answer 19

Anti-Cholinergic

Question 20

Solifenacin

Answer 20

Anti-Cholinergic

Question 21

Dicyclomine

Answer 21

Anti-Cholinergic

Question 22

Darifenacin

Answer 22

Anti-Cholinergic

Question 23

Ipratropium

Answer 23

Anti-Cholinergic used to induce bronchodilation

Question 24

Tiotropium

Answer 24

Anti-Cholinergic

Question 25

How is acetylcholine synthesized, excreted and Degraded

Answer 25

1. acetyl CoA is added to choline by choline acetyltransferase 2. excreted into synaptic cleft by vesicular exocytosis 3. Acetylcholinesterase breaks down the ACh into acetyl coA and choline, which is recycles into the presynaptic neuron via choline/ Na trasporter

Question 26

how do organophosphates relate to cholinergics and what is the antidote

Answer 26

they cause excessive activation of muscarinic and nicotinic receptors (all faucets turned on) **Give atropine to block excessive ACh** **Give Pralidoxime to regenerate cholinesterase and decrease ACh levels in nicotinic receptor stimulation**

Question 27

Describe anticholinergic syndrome

Answer 27

Dry mouth, warm, **flushed skin,** thirst, **tachycardia**, arrhythmias, **mydriasis** (dilated pupils), confusion, and **agitation**