Chp 1

Question 1

What is the separation between internal and external environments

Answer 1

Maintaining boundaries

Question 2

Define movement

Answer 2

Refers to muscular system allowing movementine

Question 3

What is contractility?

Answer 3

Refers to movement at the cellular level

Question 4

Ability to respond to stimuli and control breathing rate

Answer 4

Responsiveness

Question 5

Digestion

Answer 5

Breakdown of ingested food, allowed by absorption of simple molecules into blood.

Question 6

Anabolic is…

Answer 6

Building of complex molecules from numerous simple ones

Question 7

Breakdown of complex molecules into numerous simple ones

Answer 7

Catabolic

Question 8

Metabolism

Answer 8

Sum of reactions that occur throughout the body within each cell and provides energy to body.

Question 9

Removal of wastes from metabolism and digestion

Answer 9

Excretion

Question 10

Urea is an example of what excretion

Answer 10

Breakdown of proteins

Question 11

Carbon dioxide is an example of what type of excretion

Answer 11

Metabolism

Question 12

Reproduction

Answer 12

Cellular level - division of cells
Organismal level - production of offspring

Question 13

How many systems are there in the body?

Answer 13

11

Question 14

Integumentary system includes..

Answer 14

Hair, nails, and skin

Question 15

Skeletal system

Answer 15

Protects and supports body organs and provides framework

Question 16

Allows manipulation of the environment, locomotion, and facial expression

Answer 16

Muscualr system

Question 17

Nervous system

Answer 17

Responds to interna and external changes
Components: brain and spinal cord (CNS and PNS)

Question 18

Endocrine system

Answer 18

Glands secreting hormones that regulate processes within the body

Question 19

What is the cardiovascular systems function?

Answer 19

Blood vessels transport blood, carrying oxygen. CO2, nutrients, and wastes.

Question 20

Lymphatic/Immune systems functions

Answer 20

Picks up leaked fluid from blood vessels. Returns it to blood, and disposes of debris
Additional - defense against pathogens and foreign invaders

Question 21

What system keeps blood supplied with oxygen and removes CO2?

Answer 21

Respiratory system

Question 22

What breaks down foods into absorbable units for the body?

Answer 22

Digestive system

Question 23

What’s the urinary systems function?

Answer 23

Eliminates nitrogenous wastes from the body

Question 24

Male reproductive system function

Answer 24

Production of sperm for offspring

Question 25

Female reproductive system function

Answer 25

Production of eggs for offspring

Question 26

Survival needs

Answer 26

Nutrients, oxygen, water, normal body temp, and appropriate atmospheric pressure

Question 27

What is homeostasis

Answer 27

Maintenance of relatively stable internal conditions despite environmental changes

Question 28

What is homeostatic control?

Answer 28

Constant monitoring and regulation to maintain stability Key players - nervous and endocrine systems

Question 29

What are three components of homeostatic control?

Answer 29

Receptor, control center and effector

Question 30

What does the receptor do in homeostatic control ?

Answer 30

Monitors environment and responds to stimuli

Question 31

What does the control center do in homeostatic control?

Answer 31

Determines setpoint, receives input, and decides response

Question 32

What does the effector do in homeostatic control?

Answer 32

Receives output, execute response, and reduces (negative feedback) or enhances (positive feedback) stimulus

Question 33

What is negative feedback?

Answer 33

Response reduces or shut off original stimulus Examples: body temp regulation and blood glucose control by insulin

Question 34

What is positive feedback?

Answer 34

Response enhances, or exaggerates original stimulus Example: labor contractions, and platelet plug formation for blood clotting

Question 35

What is happening when there is overwhelmed negative feedback leading to destructive positive feedback?

Answer 35

Homeostatic imbalance

Question 36

What are the six subdivisions of anatomy?

Answer 36

Gross or macroscopic anatomy Regional anatomy System anatomy Surface anatomy Microscopic anatomy Developmental anatomy