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EMT 24’ > Chp 12 Vocab > Flashcards

Chp 12 Vocab Flashcards

(58 cards)

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1
Q

absorption

A

The process by which medications travel through body tissues until they reach the bloodstream.

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2
Q

action

A

The therapeutic effect of a medication on the body.

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3
Q

adverse effects

A

Any unwanted clinical results of a medication.

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4
Q

agonist

A

A medication that causes stimulation of receptors.

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5
Q

antagonist

A

A medication that binds to a receptor and blocks other medications.

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6
Q

antibiotic

A

A medication used to treat infections caused by a bacterium.

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7
Q

anticoagulant

A

A medication that impairs the ability of blood to clot.

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8
Q

antifungal

A

A medication used to treat infections caused by a fungus.

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9
Q

antiplatelet

A

A medication that prevents blood platelets from clumping or sticking together.

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10
Q

antipyretics

A

Medications that treat or reduce a fever.

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11
Q

aspirin (acetylsalicylic acid or ASA)

A

A medication that is an antipyretic (reduces fever), analgesic (reduces pain), anti-inflammatory (reduces inflammation), and a potent inhibitor of platelet aggregation (clumping).

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12
Q

contraindications

A

Conditions that make a particular medication or treatment inappropriate because it would not help, or may actually harm, a patient.

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13
Q

dose

A

The amount of medication given on the basis of the patient’s size and age.

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14
Q

duration

A

The amount of time that clinical effects of a medication last.

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15
Q

elimination

A

The process of removing a medication or chemical from within the body.

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16
Q

EMT-administered medication

A

Administration of a medication by the EMT directly to the patient.

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17
Q

enteral medications

A

Medications that enter the body through the digestive system.

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18
Q

epinephrine

A

A medication that increases heart rate and blood pressure but also eases breathing problems by decreasing muscle tone of the bronchiole tree.

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19
Q

gel

A

A semiliquid substance that is administered orally in capsule form or through plastic tubes.

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20
Q

generic name

A

The original chemical name of a medication (in contrast with one of its proprietary or trade names); the name is not capitalized.

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21
Q

hypoglycemia

A

An abnormally low blood glucose level.

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22
Q

indications

A

The therapeutic uses for a specific medication.

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23
Q

inhalation

A

The active, muscular part of breathing that draws air into the airway and lungs; a medication delivery route.

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24
Q

intramuscular (IM) injection

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A

An injection into a muscle; a medication delivery route.

25
intranasal (IN)
A delivery route in which a medication is pushed through a specialized atomizer device called a mucosal atomizer device (MAD) into the naris.
26
intraosseous (IO) injection
An injection into the bone; a medication delivery route.
27
intravenous (IV) injection
An injection directly into a vein; a medication delivery route.
28
medication
A substance that is used to treat or prevent disease or relieve pain.
29
medication error
Inappropriate use of a medication that could lead to patient harm.
30
metered-dose inhaler (MDI)
A miniature spray canister used to direct medications through the mouth and into the lungs.
31
mucosal atomizer device (MAD)
A device that is used to change a liquid medication into a spray and push it into a nostril.
32
nitroglycerin
A medication that increases cardiac perfusion by causing blood vessels to dilate; EMTs may be allowed to assist the patient to self- administer this medication.
33
onset of action
The amount of time from the administration of a medication to the onset of clinical effects.
34
oral
By mouth; a medication delivery route.
35
oral glucose
A simple sugar that is readily absorbed by the bloodstream; it is carried on the EMS unit.
36
over-the-counter (OTC) medications
Medications that may be purchased directly by a patient without a prescription.
37
oxygen
A gas that all cells need for metabolism; the heart and brain, especially, cannot function without oxygen.
38
parenteral medications
Medications that enter the body by a route other than the digestive tract, skin, or mucous membranes.
39
patient-assisted medication
When the EMT assists the patient with the administration of his or her own medication.
40
peak
The point or period when the maximum clinical effect of a drug is achieved.
41
peer-assisted medication
When the EMT administers medication to himself or herself or to a partner.
42
per os (PO)
Through the mouth; a medication delivery route; same as oral.
43
per rectum (PR)
Through the rectum; a medication delivery route.
44
pharmacodynamics
The process by which a medication works on the body.
45
pharmacokinetics
The processes that the body performs on a medication, including how it is absorbed, distributed, possibly changed, and eliminated.
46
pharmacology
The study of the properties and effects of medications.
47
polypharmacy
The use of multiple medications on a regular basis.
48
prescription medications
Medications that are distributed to patients only by pharmacists according to a physician’s order.
49
solution
A liquid mixture that cannot be separated by filtering or allowing the mixture to stand.
50
subcutaneous injection
Injection into the fatty tissue between the skin and muscle; a medication delivery route.
51
sublingual (SL)
Under the tongue; a medication delivery route.
52
suspension
A mixture of ground particles that are distributed evenly throughout a liquid but do not dissolve.
53
therapeutic effect
The desired or intended effect a medication is expected to have on the body.
54
topical medications
Lotions, creams, and ointments that are applied to the surface of the skin and affect only that area; a medication delivery route.
55
trade name
The brand name that a manufacturer gives a medication; the name is capitalized.
56
transcutaneous (transdermal)
Through the skin; a medication delivery route.
57
unintended effects
Actions that are undesirable but pose little risk to the patient.
58
untoward effects
Actions that can be harmful to the patient.

EMT 24’ (23 decks)

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