Chp. 16 Eyes

Question 1

protects eye from injury, strong light, and dust; upper is larger and more mobile

Answer 1

eyelid

Question 2

corners of the eye; angle where eyelids meet

Answer 2

lateral and medial canthus

Question 3

keep out dirt and other foreign bodies

Answer 3

eyelashes, eyebrows

Question 4

exposed part of the eye with a transparent covering made up of a thin mucous membrane, folded like an envelope

Answer 4

conjunctiva

Question 5

lines the lids; clear with many small blood vessels; forms a deep recess and folds back to cover the eye

Answer 5

palpebral conjunctiva

Question 6

overlays the eyeball

Answer 6

bulbar conjunctiva

Question 7

elliptical open space between eyelids; when closed, lid margins approximate completely

Answer 7

palpebral fissure

Question 8

border between cornea and sclera

Answer 8

limbus

Question 9

small fleshy mass containing sebaceous glands located at inner canthus

Answer 9

caruncle

Question 10

opening of tear duct on eyelid margin; can be plugged for moisture retention

Answer 10

puncta

Question 11

provides constant irrigation; keeps conjunctiva and cornea moist and lubricated

Answer 11

lacrimal apparatus

Question 12

located in upper outer corner over eye; tears wash across eye and drain into nasolacrimal sac and empty into inferior meatus inside the nose

Answer 12

lacrimal gland

Question 13

extraocular muscles are innervated by…

Answer 13

CN III, IV, VI

Question 14

how many muscles attach the eyeball to its orbit?

Answer 14

6 - 4 straight, 2 oblique

Question 15

front part of the eye between the cornea and iris

Answer 15

anterior chamber

Question 16

between the iris and lens; lens is behind the iris and is normally clear

Answer 16

posterior chamber

Question 17

between the lens and the back of the eye

Answer 17

vitreous chamber

Question 18

cleans, nourishes eye and maintains intraocular pressure

Answer 18

aqueous humor

Question 19

visual receptor layer of eye

Answer 19

retina

Question 20

what retinal structures can be viewed using the opthalmoscope?

Answer 20

optic disc, retinal vessels, general background, fovea, macula

Question 21

where the blood vessels converge is the?

Answer 21

optic disc

Question 22

is a slightly darker pigmented region of the inner eye located on temporal side of fundus

Answer 22

macula

Question 23

has a star like light reflex and is located within the macula

Answer 23

fovea

Question 24

developmental variations in infants

Answer 24

iris shows little pigment, pupils are small, macula is absent, pupil reflexes are poor, rods / cones not developed until 9 months

Question 25

infant visual acuity

Answer 25

20/200, farsighted

Question 26

toddlers are farsighted until...

Answer 26

age 6-7

Question 27

school age developmental variations

Answer 27

20/20 vision; checking for color blindness

Question 28

older adults tend to develop...

Answer 28

myopia (nearsightedness) or presbyopia (farsightedness)

Question 29

older adult vision considerations

Answer 29

pupil size decreases, reflexes