Chp 16 Pediatrics Flashcards by Just Skip

What two fractures are often commonly associated with child abuse?

Corner Fx and Bucket-Handle Fx

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What is Necrotizing Enterocolitis (NEC)?

Inflammation of the inner lining of the intestine.

Occurs most often in premature newborns and may lead to tissue death (necrosis) of a portion of the intestine.

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What is a life-threatening condition that occurs when intestines fold causing obstruction?

Intussusception

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What position best demonstrates the prevertebral region of the abdomen?

Dorsal decubitus

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What is Atresia?

A medical condition where a body part that’s tubular in shape is either closed or doesn’t have a normal opening.

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What set of images would best display croup?

Lateral soft tissue neck

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When using tape to immobilize a patient, you should never…

Stick the adhesive side to the child

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What technique would you use to help reduce motion when doing an exam on a child?

Short exposure time

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What is pyloric stenosis?

A rare condition that affects the pylorus, the muscular opening between the stomach and small intestine in babies.

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What is a weighted device to assist in positioning?

Sandbag

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What would you do to the technique for osteogenesis imperfecta?

Decrease

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What is the flat radiopaque device with straps to help with supine imaging called?

Tam-em board

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What is a common birth defect that causes one or both feet to turn inward and downward?

Talipes equinovarus (clubfoot)

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Where should the CR for a KUB on an infant be?

1” above umbilicus

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What is Hirschsprung Disease?

A rare birth defect that occurs when the nerves in the lower part of the intestine don’t develop properly.

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Which technique helps to immobilize the child’s arms?

Mummifying technique

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Which modality would help diagnose congenital hip dislocations in newborns?

Sonography

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Generally, by the age of ___, a child can be talked through an exam without parental assistance.

2-3 years old

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What is a genetic disorder that causes bones to break easily?

Osteogenesis Imperfecta

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What is the technical term for a newborn?

Neonate

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What is the device used to image young children for erect abdomen and chest?

Pigg-O-Stat

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What position is performed to look at both hip joints in lateral perspective?

Bilateral frogs

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What exam/position is performed to determine if a child has stopped growing?

Bone age study/PA left hand

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What is a disorder of abnormal development resulting in dysplasia, subluxation, and possible dislocation of the hip?

DDH (Developmental Dysplasia of the Hip)

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An infection of the upper airways which becomes narrow, making it harder to breathe?

CROUP

What is the new term used for battered child syndrome?

Suspected Nonaccidental Trauma (SNAT)

What is intussusception?

Telescoping of the intestines

What is RDS?

Respiratory distress syndrome

What exam would you perform for RDS?

AP or PA chest

What is Osteogenesis Imperfecta?

A hereditary disorder in which bones are abnormally soft and fragile. ## Footnote Technique decreases

What is RSV?

Respiratory Syncytial Virus Virus that can lead to a respiratory infection in babies, children, and adults of all ages. Cold like symptoms

What is the patient preparation for an upper GI for a 3 y/o child?

NPO for 4 hours prior to procedure

What is cystic fibrosis?

Inherited disease, where heavy mucus secretions cause progressive 'clogging' of bronchi and bronchioles.

What is croup primarily seen in?

1-3 yrs old. Viral infection evident by labored breathing and a harsh dry cough. ## Footnote AP and lateral views of the neck and upper airway may be requested to look for tapered narrowing of the upper airway.

What is the space between the primary and secondary growth centers called?

Epiphyseal plate

What abdomen position is used to demonstrate the prevertebral region?

Dorsal Decub

What does SCA stand for?

Suspected Child Abuse

What does SNAT stand for?

Suspected Nonaccidental Trauma

What does PIT stand for?

Pediatric Intentional Trauma

What does BCS stand for?

Battered Child Syndrome

What is the kVp range for PA Pediatric Chest projections?

75-85 kVp

What is the kVp range for Lateral Pediatric Chest projections?

80-89 kVp

What helps control motion in pediatric patients?

Short exposure time

How is hip dislocation identified in newborns?

Sonography

What is a Pigg-O-Stat used for?

Used for upright images such as chest or abdomen. ## Footnote Child can be safely restrained and allows for proper positioning and keeps arms elevated.

What is a Tam-Em Board used for?

Used for recumbent positioning in routine radiography and fluoroscopy. ## Footnote Allows the child to lie on a radiolucent board with Velcro straps placed across head, torso, and legs to restrict movement.

What are restraining devices for pediatric imaging?

Pigg-O-Stat, Tam-Em Board, Radiolucent Paddle, Mummifying, and others like radiolucent sponges, sandbags, and tape.

What is the hip protocol on pediatric patients?

AP: Done first to rule out fractures. Lateral: Bilateral frogs. ## Footnote AP: Patient in supine position, rotating knees and feet internally. Lateral: Abduct legs with soles of feet together.

What is a Neonate?

Newborn.

How to classify child abuse?

Neglect, Physical Abuse, Sexual Abuse, Psychological, emotional maltreatment, Other/unknown.

How can radiation protection be ensured for children?

Reduce dose rate by eliminating grids for parts less than 4" thick, collimating, increasing kVp, and considering thickness and exposure values.

How could you reduce exposure for a forearm and elbow study on a pediatric patient?

Get it all on one image to reduce exposure.

How to use adhesive on pediatric patients?

Non sticky side on skin.

What modality helps diagnose ADHD and possible tumors?

MRI.

What is the CR for Pediatric Chest?

Mammillary Line: The Nips.

What is the shielding protocol for boys during pediatric imaging?

Carefully place the upper border of the male pediatric shield at the level of the symphysis pubis.

What is the shielding protocol for girls during pediatric imaging?

Carefully shield the gonadal area. Place the female pediatric shield under the umbilicus and above the pubis.

What is a Radiolucent Paddle used for?

For extremities. Paddles apply pressure to restrict motion. ## Footnote Careful with pressure on possible fractures.

What is Mummifying in pediatric imaging?

Using sheets or towels to immobilize infants and children up to 3 years old.

True or False: It is the responsibility of the technologist to make a judgment as to whether child abuse has occurred.

False

What is another, more current term for hyaline membrane disease?

Respiratory Distress Syndrome

What are CML fractures?

Classical Metaphyseal Lesion ## Footnote Fractures like Corner Fx or Bucket-Handle Fx are other names for CML.