Chp 19 - Diuretics

Question 1

Diuretic

Answer 1

Substance that INCREASES urine flow

Question 2

Polyuria

Answer 2

Increased urine output by excessive urination

Question 3

Oliguria

Answer 3

Decreased urine flow

Sign of renal failure

Question 4

Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors

CAI

Answer 4

Block reabsorption of Na and HCO3 for PROXIMAL TUBULE

• glaucoma
• lower HCO3
• altitude sickness
• metabolic alkalosis

Question 5

Acetazolamide

Answer 5

CAI

Question 6

Dichlorphenamide

Answer 6

CAI

Question 7

Methazolamine

Answer 7

CAI

Question 8

Osmotic Diuretics

Answer 8

Reduce absorption of H2O and NaCl in the PROXIMAL TUBULE so increases the excretion of them

Decreases ICP, IOP
For bronchial challenge
Management of traumatic brain injury

Question 9

Mannitol

Answer 9

OD

Tx cerebral edema

Question 10

Glycerol

Answer 10

OD

Question 11

Urea

Answer 11

OD

Question 12

Loop Diuretics

Answer 12

Block reabsorption of Na, K, Cl in ASCENDING loop of Henle

Need to have electrolytes monitored
May cause vasodilation

• fluid overload
• CHF
• edema
• hepatic ascites
• hypercalcemia

Question 13

Lasix (furosemide)

Answer 13

LD
Less toxic
Peds

Question 14

Bumex (bumetanide)

Answer 14

LD

Question 15

Demadex (torsemide)

Answer 15

LD

Question 16

“High ceiling” diuretics

Answer 16

Loop diuretics
High diuretic potential
Interfere w the reabsorption of K, Mg,Ca

Question 17

Thiazide Diuretics

Answer 17

Inhibit NaCl reabsorption in the early DISTAL TUBULE

• first line for Hypertension
• mild ❤️ failure

Given in combination w loop for severe edema but can cause hyperglycemia

Question 18

Clorothiazide

Answer 18

TD

Question 19

Metolazone

Answer 19

Thiozide-like diuretic

Given w loop

Question 20

Indapamide and Chlorthalidone

Answer 20

Thiazide-like diuretic

Question 21

K- Sparing Diuretics

Answer 21

Exert their action at the COLLECTING DUCTS

• prevent hypokalemia caused by loop/thiazide
• CONN’S SYNDROME

Question 22

Amiloride and Triamterene

Answer 22

Act by blocking Na channels in luminal membrane of CT

Question 23

Spironolactone (Aldactone)

Answer 23

Competitive aldosterone inhibitor

KSD

Question 24

Normal urine output

Answer 24

30-60mL/hr