Chp 2 Terms

Question 1

Axial Load

Answer 1

A load that passes through the centroid of a section under construction and is perpendicular to the plane of the section.

Question 2

Bent

Answer 2

A line of columns in any direction.

Question 3

Built-up Girder

Answer 3

Made of steel plates and angles riveted together, as distinguished from one rolled from a single piece of steel.

Question 4

Buttress

Answer 4

Mass of masonry built against a wall to strengthen it. Necessary when a vault or arch places a heavy load or thrust on one piece of a wall

Question 5

Camber

Answer 5

Upward rise

Question 6

Cavity or hollow wall

Answer 6

A wall built of two wythes separated by a discs for rain drainage or insulation.

Question 7

Continuous beam

Answer 7

A beam supported at 3 or more points.

Question 8

Cross wall

Answer 8

Any wall at right angles to any other wall. The walls brace one another.

Question 9

Deflection

Answer 9

The deformation or displacement of a structural member as a result of loads acting on it.

Question 10

Demising wall

Answer 10

Wall bounding a tenant space.

Question 11

Diaphragm floor

Answer 11

A floor designed to stiffen a building against wind and other lateral loads like earthquakes.

Question 12

Eccentric load

Answer 12

A force that is perpendicular to the plane of the section but does not pass through the center of the section.

Question 13

Flitch plate Girder

Answer 13

Piece of steel sandwiched between two wooden beams

Question 14

Grillage

Answer 14

A series of closely spaced beams designed to carry a particularly heavy load.

Question 15

Header

Answer 15

A masonry unit that overlaps two or more adjoining wythes of masonry to tie them together.

Question 16

Impact load

Answer 16

The effect of a moving load upon a stationary structure.

Question 17

inverted king post truss

Answer 17

A truss incorporating a single compression member; it is inverted because the compression member extends downward

Question 18

KIP

Answer 18

1000 lbs of force

Question 19

Moment

Answer 19

Tendency of a force to rotate or twist a structural member

Question 20

Neutral axis

Answer 20

The line along which the length of the beam doesn’t change.

Question 21

Party wall

Answer 21

A load bearing wall that is common to two structures

Question 22

Pier

Answer 22

A short column of masonry, usually rectangle in horizontal cross section, used to support other structural members.

Question 23

Pilaster

Answer 23

A masonry column projecting from one or both faces of the wall in which it’s located.

Question 24

Plastic design

Answer 24

Design based on connections that redirect overloads to other sections of the building.

Question 25

Queen post truss

Answer 25

A truss with two compression members

Question 26

Rakers

Answer 26

Diagonal bracing columns

Question 27

Self-releasing floor

Answer 27

Type of floor in which floor in which floor girders are set on anchor boxes in walls and caps attached to columns. Heavy timber construction.

Question 28

Shear

Answer 28

Forces occurring within a building member when opposing forces pull the member in opposite directions

Question 29

Simple beam

Answer 29

A beam supported at two points near its ends.

Question 30

Spandrel Girder

Answer 30

A Girder that ties wall columns together in a framed building.

Question 31

Strain

Answer 31

The actual percentage of elongation when a material is stressed.

Question 32

Stress

Answer 32

Force per unit area that produces a deformation.

Question 33

Strut

Answer 33

A bracing column

Question 34

Tension

Answer 34

A pulling or stretching force in line with the axis of the body.

Question 35

Tube construction

Answer 35

Externally braced structure.

Question 36

Vierendeel truss

Answer 36

A rectangular truss with very rigid corner bracing.

Question 37

Voussoir

Answer 37

A wedge-shaped block whose converging sides radiate from a center, forming an element of an arch or vaulted ceiling.

Question 38

Euler’s Law Columns

Answer 38

Very long, thin columns.