Chp 3

Question 1

Ecosystem

Answer 1

interactions that link living and non-living parts of the environment

Question 2

Natural vegetation

Answer 2

plants that are natural to an area, and grow freely there

Question 3

Boreal

Answer 3

of the North or northern regions

Question 4

Tropical

Answer 4

between the Tropic of Cancer and the Tropic of Capricorn

Question 5

Subtropical

Answer 5

just north of the Tropic of Cancer and just south of the Tropic of Capricorn

Question 6

Tundra

Answer 6

a vast Arctic region without trees where the soil is frozen year-round.

Question 7

Photosynthesis

Answer 7

the process by which plants convert sunlight into energy for growth

Question 8

Habitat

Answer 8

the place where a plant or an animal lives that provides it with all it needs to survive

Question 9

Domesticated

Answer 9

wild animals tamed, or wild plants adapted, for use by humans

Question 10

Ecotourism

Answer 10

to enjoy nature with low impact on the environment, promote conservation and benefit the local people.

Question 11

Native species

Answer 11

species that develop naturally in an area

Question 12

Non-native species:

Answer 12

species that are not natural to an environment but have moved, or been introduced, into it

Question 13

Invasive species

Answer 13

non-native species that cause harm, for example, to the environment

Question 14

Biodiversity

Answer 14

the variety of life on Earth, “bio” means if and “diversity” means variety

Question 15

Extinct

Answer 15

loss of all individuals

Question 16

Endangered

Answer 16

at risk of becoming extinct

Question 17

Habitat loss

Answer 17

occurs when a habitat no longer meets the seeds of the species it once supported

Question 18

Desertification

Answer 18

change from fertile land into desert

Question 19

Deforestation

Answer 19

to clear a forest from an area

Question 20

Humus

Answer 20

decaying plant and animal matter found in the top layer of soil

Question 21

Treeline

Answer 21

an area or region beyond which trees do not grow because of dry or cold conditions

Question 22

The 3 types of natural vegetation

Answer 22

Forests, Grasslands and Deserts.

Question 23

• You should be able to identify the different types of deserts

Answer 23

Semi-desert scrub, Desert, Tundra and high-mountain vegetation

Question 24

• The benefits of vegetation

Answer 24

Vegetation offers numerous benefits, including improving air and water quality, supporting biodiversity. It also provides essential habitats for wildlife

Question 25

- Identify the 6 types of forests based on their characteristics

Answer 25

Tropical broadleaf forest, subtropical broadleaf forest, Mediterranean forest, Broadleaf deciduous forest, mixed forest and needleleaf evergreen or boreal forest.

Question 26

You should be able to identify the different types of grasslands

Answer 26

Tropical grasslands and mid-latitude grasslands

Question 27

- Explain how humans affect vegetation

Answer 27

Losing forests - A lot of deforestation happens, and forests have been cut down to create space for cities, roads, and farmland. In the past, farmers cut down trees by hand and burned them, which was known as slash-and-burn. We cut them down at a pase where they can’t regrow in time. Burning grasslands - They moved from place to place, grazing their livestock where grass grew naturally. Herders often set fire to grasslands to encourage new growth for their animals to eat. Sheep and goats destroyed many native plants by pulling out their roots. Over time, burning has altered entire ecosystems. Now, grasslands are one of the most threatened habitats worldwide.

Question 28

- Explain how changing vegetation patterns affect species

Answer 28

It affects because of loss of biodiversity, habitat, species and rise of non-native plant species. Changing vegetation affects species by altering their food, shelter, and habitat. This can lead to migration, competition, or even extinction if species can’t adapt quickly enough.

Question 29

- Compare Grasslands vs forests

Answer 29

. Grasslands mainly consist of grasses with few trees and have rich soil for farming. Forests are thick with trees and have diverse plants and animals, found in warm or cold areas. Grasslands are open, while forests are dense, each playing a unique role in nature.