CHP 7,9,10 Review

Question 1

Foreign Policy

Answer 1

Plans for dealing with other countries

Question 2

What are the President’s roles?

Answer 2

Chief Executive,
Commander in Chief,
Chief Agenda Setter,
Representative of the Nation,
Chief of State,
Foreign-Policy Leader,
Party Leader

Question 3

Chief Executive

Answer 3

Responsible for executing, or carrying out, the nation’s laws

Question 4

Commander in Chief

Answer 4

Commands all military officers in both wartime & peacetime

Question 5

Chief Agenda Setter

Answer 5

Constitution requires the president to from time to time give Congress information about the state of the Union.

Question 6

Representative of the Nation

Answer 6

President represents all the people in a way Congress can’t

Question 7

Chief of State

Answer 7

Symbolizes the United States and its people when he meets with foreign leaders

Question 8

Foreign-Policy Leader

Answer 8

The goals of U.S. foreign policy are to promote trade and friendship with other countries while maintaining the security of the United States

Question 9

Party Leader

Answer 9

Make speeches to help other party members who are running for public office

Question 10

Qualifications for Presidency

Answer 10

Be a native-born U.S. citizen
Be at least 35 years old
Have been a U.S. resident for at least 14 years

Question 11

Executive Orders

Answer 11

Detailed instructions, regulations, and rules that have the force of law

Question 12

Executive Privilege

Answer 12

The president’s right not to hand over documents or to testify regarding matters that are believed by the president to be the executive branch’s confidential business

Question 13

Alliances

Answer 13

Agreements between two or more countries to help each other for defense, economic, scientific, or other reasons

Question 14

Modern Presidency

Answer 14

Modern presidents have used frequent speeches and media attention to try to reach the people

Question 15

Imperial Presidency

Answer 15

Many people began to fear the presidential power was expanding dangerously during the presidencies of Lyndon Johnson and Richard Nixon in the 1960s and early 1970s

Question 16

Presidency Today

Answer 16

Distrust of the president and of government in general has remained high long after the events of the 1960s and 1970s. This distrust is reflected in an increase in the number of investigations of gov. actions

Question 17

Electoral College

Answer 17

A special body made up of people selected by each of the states

Question 18

Caucus

Answer 18

A meeting of people, like members of a political party who gather to make decisions on political courses of action

Question 19

Conventions

Answer 19

Party gatherings are held to nominate candidates, determine rules that govern the party, and make decisions about the party’s stance on issues of the day

Question 20

Ways to Nominate

Answer 20

Self-Announcement
The Caucus
The Convention

Question 21

Self-Announcement

Answer 21

A person who wants to run for office announces their candidacy. Whenever a write-in candidate appears on the ballot, the self-announcement process has been used.

Question 22

The Caucus

Answer 22

Originally a private meeting of local bigwigs, the caucus as a nominating device fell out of favor in the 1820s

Question 23

The Convention

Answer 23

Considered more democratic than the caucus, convention delegates were selected to represent the people’s wishes. Party bosses soon found ways to manipulate the system, however, and the convention system was on its way out by the early 1900s

Question 24

Primary Elections

Answer 24

State elections held before the national conventions that determine the candidates for each party

Question 25

General Election

Answer 25

A regular election of candidates for office, as opposed to a primary election

Question 26

Major Types of Federal Taxes

Answer 26

Individual Income Tax Corporate Income Tax Social Insurance Taxes

Question 27

Individual Income Tax

Answer 27

Federal government's LARGEST source of revenue. Levied on a person's taxable income, including wages or salaries, business profits, tips, interest, and dividends. A PROGRESSIVE tax - takes a larger % from a high-income person than from a low-income person

Question 28

Corporate Income Tax

Answer 28

Based on a corporation's net income - all income earned above the cost of maintaining the business. Most COMPLICATED federal tax Federal Government's third-largest source of revenue

Question 29

Medicare

Answer 29

Provides health care for the elderly

Question 30

Democrats

Answer 30

Favor higher and more progressive taxes in order to fund gov. programs to aid less-advantages citizens

Question 31

Republicans

Answer 31

Generally favor lower taxes

Question 32

Free-Enterprise System

Answer 32

It produces what consumers want Supporters believe that private ownership and free markets will provide the best environment for economic growth

Question 33

Stabilization Goals

Answer 33

Full Employment Low Inflation

Question 34

Full Employment

Answer 34

Loss of a job can cause serious problems even for two-income households Unemployment hurts the general public because it lowers the total output of the economy

Question 35

Low Inflation

Answer 35

During economic upswings, harmful inflationary pressures can develop Stabilization policy is designated to temper major growth booms in the economy, as well as recessions

Question 36

Monetary vs. Fiscal Policy

Answer 36

Monetary Policy Can work faster than fiscal Is controlled by an independent agency that is not elected by the people Fiscal Policy Tied to annual budgets and involves a lag between when an economic problem occurs and when the shifts are actually felt Made entirely by the president and Congress

Question 37

President's Role

Answer 37

The budget process begins with the Office of Management and Budget's guidelines about the overall fiscal situation that detail the kinds of programs the president wants to support or reduce Each agency then uses those guidelines to develop a spending proposal

Question 38

Political Disagreements

Answer 38

Problem lies in obtaining a political majority for a plan that fairly distributes the pain of deficit reduction to all groups

Question 39

Foreign Policy Goals

Answer 39

Maintaining National Security Supporting Democracy Promoting World Peace Providing Aid to People in Need Establish Free and Open Trade

Question 40

Maintaining National Security

Answer 40

Nation Security - Protect the rights, freedoms, and property of the United States and its people

Question 41

Supporting Democracy

Answer 41

Aid other democratic nations as well as those moving toward democracy

Question 42

Promoting World Peace

Answer 42

U.S. actively becomes involved in resolving disputes between other countries

Question 43

Providing Aid to People in Need

Answer 43

Might come in the form of money, food, or military assistance

Question 44

Establish Free and Open Trade

Answer 44

Increasing the size of the market to which domestic businesses can sell their goods Giving U.S. consumers a chance to buy goods from around the world

Question 45

Isolationism

Answer 45

Reflects the view that a nation should tend to its domestic affairs rather than international affairs Supporters believe: 1) The U.S. has many domestic problems and the policymakers should focus on those exclusively 2) The U.S. should think like most countries and only worry about its own interests 3) Staying out of other countries affairs will keep the U.S. out of war

Question 46

Realism

Answer 46

The most dominant U.S foreign policy after WWII They believe: 1) Countries are dangerous and are ruled by aggressive leaders trying to dominate other countries 2) A nation's only tool for stopping an aggressive country is action 3) Avoiding participation in world affairs would lead to the U.S. becoming victims of another nation's aggression 4) The U.S. must sometimes use force simply to show that it is military strong

Question 47

Neoisolationsim

Answer 47

Supporters believe: 1) The U.S. should keep its foreign involvement to a minimum 2) The U.S. should not interfere in other countries' internal affairs (called noninterference) 3) It is ethically necessary to avoid war

Question 48

Role of the President

Answer 48

Influence Through General Acceptance Influence as Commander in Chief Influence Through Executive Agreements

Question 49

Influence Through General Acceptance

Answer 49

The primary reason that the people and Congress have allowed the president to assume this authority is that dealing with foreign governments and international crises often requires decisiveness and speed Even when urgency is not an issue, Congress generally has accepted presidential influence over foreign policy

Question 50

Influence As Commander in Chief

Answer 50

Can also undertake military action in times of crisis without seeking congressional approval Presidents have used this power not only in ordering short-term military strikes but also in committing military forces to serve in what have been called undeclared wars

Question 51

Influence Through Executive Agreements

Answer 51

These agreements do not require ratification by the Senate

Question 52

Defense Alliances

Answer 52

Agreements in which nations pledge to come to each other's aid in case of attack

Question 53

Collective Security

Answer 53

Ensuring peace through the guarantee of mutual defense

Question 54

Multilateral Treaty

Answer 54

Agreement signed by several countries

Question 55

North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO)

Answer 55

Formed in 1949, four years into the Cold War All member countries agreed that "an armed attack against one or more of them in Europe or North America shall be considered an attack against them all." An example of a multilateral treaty Includes 12 members today For more than 10 years the focus of this alliance was mutual defense against Soviet aggression