Chp1 Pilot Static Systems Flashcards
(23 cards)
What are the main components of air?
Pressure
Temperature
Density
Humidity
What can be derived from the main components of air?
Speed
Altitude
Rate of cimb/descent
Thrust
Lift
What is pascals law?
When pressure is applied to one part of a liquid, it is then applied equally in all directions
What is atmospheric or ambient pressure?
The pressure that all stationary air exerts equally in all directions
What is a static port?
A device that is situated on both sides of the aircraft in the same place to give accurate readings for pressure
Why is it important to have clean/open static ports
To enable accurate pressure readings which then will give accurate instrument readings
Why are the two static ports separately connected to the main system
To minimise the effects of dynamic pressure
Eg. When the aircraft turns and more pressure is exacted on one side
What is the equation for dynamic pressure
½ x density x velocity²
What is total pressure also known as
Pitot pressure (Pt)
What is the equation for total pressure
Static pressure + dynamic pressure
Pt = P⁰ + ½pV²
What is a pitot tube
An instrument that is situated on the outside of an aircraft, which supplies total pressure to velocity instruments
What must the centerline of the pitot tube be
Parallel to airflow
As far from turbulent zones on the aircrafts skin as possible
What is necessary for a pitot tube to work correctly
For it to be unblocked and heated
What part of a pitot tube allows blockages to come out
External drain hole and pitot tube drain hole
Eg. For dust particles or water
What two instruments does the pitot tube provide Total pressure for
Air speed indicator
Machmeter
What does the alternate static source provide pressure for
Altimeter
Vertical speed
Air speed indicator
Machmeter
What are the main errors of the pitot static system
Blockages
Leakages
Instruments
Manœuvres
Position
(BLIMP)
Why could there be an instrument error
If there are defects within the manufacturing process or system design
The airflow could be disturbed by small particles eg. Dust
Insects could make nests within tubes ect…
How can instrument errors be mitigated
Calibration
Covers
Drains
Preflight checks
Alternate sources
Why could manœuvres become a source of error
They create airflow disturbances across the static port or pitot tube
Why could position create errors
If the pitot tube isn’t situated in a place parallel to typical airflow then air is disturbed around it and so readings will be wrong
What happens if blockages are present in the pitot tube or static port
PUD-SOD
Port blockage, under read, descent
Static blockage, over read, descent
How would leaks create reading errors
Fractures in pipes or in infrastructure will allow air to escape
