Chpater 16. Thermodynamics Flashcards
(9 cards)
Define the internal energy of a real gas
The sum of all the potentyial energies and kinetic energies of all the molecules, owing to their random motion
Define the internal energy of an ideal gas
Total kinetic energy of the gas since there are no intermolecular forces
Define internal energy
The sum of a random distribution of kinetic and potential energies associated with the molecules of the system
Derive the formula for work done by a gas.
pressure = force over area so force = pA and work done = force times displacement hnce work done = pA * Δx = pΔV because Area times displcement is volume, N.B work is done by the gas when the volume increases because the gas pushes against external pressure
What is the first law of thermodynamics?
The increase in internal energy of a system is equal to the sum of the thermal energy added to the system and the work done on it. ΔU = Q + W
What is an adiabatic change?
No thermal energy is allowed to enter or leave the system
What is an isothermal change?
The temperature of the system remains constant
What is an isobaric change?
The pressure of the system remains constant
What is an isochoric change?
The volume of the system remains constant
