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BPOC Study Material > Chpt. 1 Professionalism & Ethics > Flashcards

Chpt. 1 Professionalism & Ethics Flashcards

Cadet J.Points

1
Q

What year was professionalism secularized?

A

1675

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2
Q

What is the early definition of professionalism?

A

Its earliest meaning comes from those professing the vows of a religious order. It
meant the act of professing, a spiritual commitment, a range of academic expertise or
both.

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3
Q

What is the Oxford English Dictionary’s definition of profession?

A

The occupation which one professes to be skilled in and to follow.
A vocation in which professed knowledge of some branch of learning is used in
its application to the affairs of others, or in the practice of an art based upon it.
Applied specifically to the three learned professions of divinity, law, and
medicine; also the military profession.

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4
Q

What is the Oxford English Dictionary’s definition of Professional?

A

One who is “engaged in one of the learned or skilled
professions, or in a calling considered socially superior to a trade or handicraft.

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5
Q

What is Webster Dictionary’s definition of profession?

A

A vocation or occupation requiring advanced training in some liberal art or
science, and usually involving mental rather than manual work, as teaching,
engineering, writing, etc.; especially, medicine, law, or theology (formerly called
the learned professions).

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6
Q

What makes Law Enforcement a “Profession”

A

-The members possess a specialized body of knowledge, not easily acquired,
accomplished through advanced education or training.

-The members share a commitment to serving the public (or community they
serve).

-The members share a commitment to promoting the common good.

-The members share a professional creed or code of ethics that effectively holds
themselves and their colleagues to a higher standard of behavior than is the
norm for other vocations.

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7
Q

What are the characteristics of professionalism?

A
  • Service to others
  • Assessment of needs to others
  • Theoretical body of knowledge obtained through extended pre-service education.
  • Standards for entry, practice, and ethical conduct
  • Professional association to maintain standards.
  • Continuing education and lifelong learning
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8
Q

What is “Police Legitimacy?”

A

Means people have trust and confidence in the police, accept police
authority and believe officers are fair.

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9
Q

How do officers build “Public Confidence?”

A

Treating people with dignity and respect

Making decisions fairly, based on facts, not illegitimate factors such as race.

Giving people “voice,” a chance to tell their side of the story.

Acting in a way that encourages community members to believe that they will be
treated with goodwill in the future.

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10
Q

What are the 4 Pillars of Procedural Justice?

A

1.) Fairness & Consistency
2.) Giving Voice to All Parties
3.) Transparency
4.) Impartiality

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11
Q

What is the first pillar of procedural justice?

A

Fairness & Consistency

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12
Q

What is Fairness & Consistency?

A

Perceptions of fairness are driven not only by outcomes but also by
the fairness and consistency of the processes used to reach those outcomes.

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13
Q

What is the second pillar of procedural justice?

A

Giving Voice to All Parties

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14
Q

What does it mean to “Give Voice to All Parties?”

A

All people want to be heard and involving people or groups in the decisions that affect them affects their assessment of a given situation.

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15
Q

How do you give someone a “Voice?”

A

Everyone wants to feel as though they have a measure of control over their fate; having voice in situations that may be somewhat out of their control (such as whether they get a traffic ticket) helps them to feel that their opinions matter and that someone is listening to their side of the story, taking them seriously, and giving some consideration to their concerns.

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16
Q

What is the Third Pillar of Procedural Justice?

A

Transparency

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17
Q

What does “Transparency” mean?

A

Transparency means that the processes by which decisions are made do not rely upon secrecy or deception. In other words, decisions unfold out in the open as much as possible as opposed to behind closed doors.

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18
Q

What is the Fourth Pillar of Procedural Justice?

A

Impartiality

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19
Q

What does “Impartiality” mean?

A

Impartial decisions are made based on relevant evidence or data rather than on personal opinion, speculation, or guesswork.

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20
Q

What are the advantages of the “Professional Model for Law Enforcement?”

A
  • Public better served.
  • Quality of peace officers is improved.
  • Ethical conduct
  • More effective problem-solving
  • Stronger community support and respect
  • Stronger role in the criminal justice system
  • More effective innovations
  • Financial rewards
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21
Q

What are the disadvantages of the “Professional Model for Law Enforcement?”

A
  • Cost of training and development
  • Higher salaries or remuneration for job occupant
  • Limited entry into the work force from poor because of limited opportunity for
    educational attainment
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22
Q

What are “Partnerships?”

A

Refers to collaborative partnerships between law enforcement agencies and the individuals and organizations they serve to develop solutions to problems and increase trust.

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23
Q

What are some examples of partners with law enforcement?

A

Partners with law enforcement may include local government
agencies or departments, community groups, SART, nonprofit organizations,
social service providers, private businesses, and members of the media.

24
Q

What is “Problem-Solving?”

A

Refers to the process of engaging in the proactive and systematic examination of
identified problems to develop and rigorously evaluate effective responses.

25
Q

What are the components of problem-solving?

A

Scanning: Identifying and prioritizing problems.

Analysis: Researching what is known about the problem.

Response: Developing solutions to bring about lasting reductions in the number and extent of problems.

Assessment: Evaluating the success of the responses.

Using the crime triangle to focus on immediate conditions
(victim/offender/location).

26
Q

What is “Organizational Transformation?”

A

Refers to the alignment of organizational management, structure, personnel,
and information systems to support community partnerships and proactive
problem solving. Community policing, like procedural justice, should permeate
the agency at all levels.

27
Q

What is the “Ethical Role?”

A

The ethical role is performed by being objective, impartial, neutral, and ethical in personal behavior and in functioning as a representative of the criminal justice system.

28
Q

What are the elements of the “Ethical Role?”

A

To act in a manner that reflects belief in the fundamental value of ethical behavior and
in application of this value to your job.

To conduct daily activities in an objective manner striving to be uninfluenced by
emotion, personal prejudice, or insufficient evidence.

To provide objective and constructive assistance or information to all persons,
regardless of personal feelings.

To assist the public to understand how they can help in achieving objective and ethical
behavior.

To embrace fairness and consistency, giving a voice to all parties, transparency and
impartiality.

29
Q

What are the “6 pillars of Character?”

A
  • Trustworthiness
  • Respect
  • Responsibility
  • Fairness
  • Caring
  • Citizenship
30
Q

What is motivation for Ethical Behavior?

A
  • Inner Benefit: Virtue is its own reward.
  • Personal Advantage: It is prudent to be ethical. It is good business.
  • Approval: Being ethical leads to self-esteem, the admiration of loved ones and the respect of peers.
  • Religion: Good behavior can please or help a deity.
  • Habit: Ethical decisions can fit in with upbringing or training.
31
Q

What are obstacles to Ethical Behavior?

A
  • Self-interest
  • Pursuit of happiness
32
Q

What are the components of “Consistent Ethical Behavior?”

A

Moral Sensitivity

Moral Judgment

Moral Motivation

Moral Character

33
Q

What is Moral Sensitivity?

A

The ability to recognize the presence and nature of ethical issues; the
awareness that a situation represents an ethical problem that requires an ethical
decision.

34
Q

What is Moral Judgment?

A

The ability to make the right ethical decision; to determine the morally
correct and wisest course of action. This requires the use of critical thinking skills and
the ability to prioritize competing ethical principles and values.

35
Q

What is Moral Motivation?

A

The desire to do the right thing and to be a good and ethical person.

36
Q

What is Moral Character?

A

Possessing the maturity, courage, and discipline to follow through
and do what you know is right in situations of strong temptation and/or great pressure
from others.

37
Q

What are the components of the “Ethical Decision-Making Model?”

A
  • Is it legal?
  • Is it permitted by your organization’s code of conduct?
  • How would it be viewed by your organizations code of ethics and shared values?
  • Does your personal code of ethics approve?
  • Is it a true ethical dilemma? Do both choices appear to be right?
  • Can you apply the ethical decision-making model for your organization?
38
Q

What are the attitude stages an officer goes through in his career?

A

Idealistic

Frustrated

Defiant

Resigned

Aware

Decisive

Commitment

39
Q

What is the “Idealistic Stage?”

A

This stage is exemplified by new officers, confident of their values and ability to
succeed. High expectations and goals, but confidence is naïve.

40
Q

What is the “Frustrated Stage?”

A

Begin to experience “the way things really are.” Idealism crashes into wall of
reality. Present circumstances are a far cry from original goals and desires. Initial
reactions are often dominated by fear, indecision, and anxiety. The world is not
as simple as we had believed or hoped. Young officers at this stage might be
susceptible to negative peer pressure.

41
Q

What is the “Defiant Stage?”

A

Fear and indecision are overcome as we realize that we take some responsibility in our own hands. However, actions taken at this stage are usually negative and destructive, especially when covert or hidden. Some people continue to live for years with this hidden, internal resentment before they lash out in defiant rage. This can pollute relationships with family, coworkers, supervisors, the community, and even society at large. (Consider Timothy McVeigh, Unabomber, 9/11 terrorists, etc.) You can see how officers might “go bad” at this stage, acting in ways that harm themselves, others, the agency, the community, and the profession.

42
Q

What is the “Resigned Stage?”

A

Some people who have harbored covert defiance eventually slip into resignation to the disappointment and aimlessness of their lives. The lights go out in their eyes. They may continue punching the clock to get to retirement, but they have lost all joy in their lives and their jobs. This stage and the defiant one are when officers are most vulnerable to making poor decisions that could cost them their
jobs and careers.

43
Q

What is the “Aware Stage?”

A

Hopefully, some self-analysis goes on and we eventually become aware of some of the damage that our defiance and resignation have caused to our own lives and other people we care about. This awareness is the first step toward developing a more positive outlook on life. We realize that we must change.

44
Q

What is the “Decisive Stage?”

A

We consciously do something different and positive, taking responsibility for our own lives and our happiness. These changes begin the process of making our lives more vital, creative, and meaningful.

45
Q

What is the “Commitment Stage?”

A

This is the final result of the positive life changes we made. We don’t expect perfection of ourselves or others, yet we are committed to attempt our best ideals, with our best abilities, while remaining realistic about our talents and results. This is not a fragile idealism, but a purposeful and prudent devotion – sincere, flexible, and open to learn and grow further.

46
Q

What is “Objective Behavior?”

A

For purposes of this training, objectivity involves the expression or use of facts without distortion by personal feelings or prejudices - neutrality.

47
Q

What are the different areas of bias?

A
  • Race/ethnicity
  • Behavior
  • Gender
  • Sexual orientation
  • Religious
48
Q

What are potential gifts?

A
  • Any amount of money
  • An opportunity for sexual intercourse
  • A weekend at a resort hotel
  • A radio for your personal car
  • The use of a camper for a weekend
  • A pistol
  • Two tickets to a ball game
  • Use of a hunting lease
  • Bottle of liquor
  • Free meal
  • Half price meal
  • A cup of coffee and/or a doughnut
49
Q

What are the conditions associated with a gift?

A
  • Does it make a difference who offers the gift?
  • Does it make a difference when the gift is offered?
  • Does it make a difference why the gift is offered?
  • Does it make a difference where the gift is offered?
50
Q

What is “Courage?”

A

Courage is the state or quality of mind or spirit that enables one to face danger with selfpossession, confidence, and resolution; bravery; valor. Moral courage is the courage to take
action for moral reasons despite the risk of adverse consequences.

51
Q

What are examples of physical courage?

A
  • Facing barricaded, armed suspect
  • Duty to intervene.
52
Q

What are examples of Moral Courage?

A
  • Refusing gratuities
  • Refusing to participate in cover-up.
  • Refusing to participate in ethnic or gender-based humor or practical joking, etc.
  • Duty to intervene.
53
Q

What is 2.1387 of the Code of Criminal Procedure?

A

INTERVENTION REQUIRED FOR EXCESSIVE FORCE; REPORT REQUIRED. (a) A peace officer has a duty to intervene to stop or prevent another peace officer from using force against a person suspected of committing an offense if:

(1) the amount of force exceeds that which is reasonable under the circumstances; and

(2) the officer knows or should know that the other officer’s use of force:

(A) violates state or federal law;

(B) puts a person at risk of bodily injury, as that term is defined by Section 1.07, Penal Code, and is not immediately necessary to avoid imminent bodily injury to a peace officer or other person; and

(C) is not required to apprehend the person suspected of committing an offense.

(b) A peace officer who witnesses the use of excessive force by another peace officer shall promptly make a detailed report of the incident and deliver the report to the supervisor of the peace officer making the report.

54
Q

What criminal law relates to officer behavior?

A
  • Unethical conduct on the part of peace officers can result in federal prosecution.
  • There are specific statutes aimed at peace officers to prevent violations of civil rights.
  • The FBI has a special role to investigate those accusations.
  • Those investigations are controlled out of Washington, DC to prevent friendships and working relationships between locally stationed FBI agents and the peace officer being investigated from being compromised.
55
Q

What is 18 USC 241?

A

Conspiracy Against Rights:
If two or more persons conspire to injure, oppress, threaten, or intimidate any inhabitant of any State, Territory, or District in the free exercise or enjoyment of any right or privilege secured to him by the Constitution or laws of the United States, or because of his having so exercised the same; or if two or more persons go in disguise on the highway, or on the premises of another, with intent to prevent or hinder his free exercise or enjoyment of any right or privilege so
secured –They shall be fined not more than $10,000 or imprisoned not more than ten years, or both; and if death results, they shall be subject to imprisonment for any term of years or for life.

56
Q

What is 18 USC 242?

A

Deprivation of Rights Under Color of Law
Whoever, under color of any law, statute, ordinance, regulation, or custom, willfully subjects any inhabitant of any State, Territory, or District to the deprivation of any rights, privileges, or
immunities secured or protected by the Constitution or laws of the United States, or to different punishments, pains, or penalties, on account of such inhabitant being an alien, or by reason of his color, or race, than are prescribed for the punishment of citizens, shall be fined not more than $1,000 or imprisoned not more than one year, or both; and if bodily injury results shall be fined under this title or imprisoned not more than ten years, or both; and if death results shall be subject to imprisonment for any term of years or for life.
(As amended Apr. 11, 1968, Pub.L. 90-284, Title I, § 103(b), 82 Stat. 75; Nov. 18, 1988, Pub.L. 100-690, Title VII, § 7019, 102 Stat. 4396.)

57
Q

What are the civil penalties for inappropriate conduct?

A
  • Sexual Harassment - EEOC definitions 42 USC 1983 Violation of Civil Rights
  • Sexual Harassment - Penal Code Chapter39.03
  • Texas Commission on Human Rights - Sexual Harassment
  • Equal Employment Opportunity Commission-Sexual Harassment
  • The definition of harassment as opposed to sexual harassment - EEOC.

BPOC Study Material (12 decks)

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