chpt 2 AI Flashcards
(22 cards)
JPS APPOINTED FROM?
JPs were appointed from the local gentry and merchant class, ensuring those with local influence and respect were responsible for upholding royal authorit
JP RESPONSIBLITIES
JPs were responsible for implementing laws, government policies, and maintaining public order, making them the primary link between the central government and the localities
EXPANSION OF POWERS OF JPS
The Tudors more than doubled the responsibilities of JPs between 1500 and 1600, with JPs expected to enforce over 300 statutes by 1600, including social, economic, and religious laws
HOW MUCH AUTHORITY THEY HAD?
JPs gained authority over other local officials, such as sheriffs and constables, consolidating power and reducing the influence of potentially rebellious nobles
?THEIR SESSIONS??
JPs held regular quarter sessions to hear civil and criminal cases (except the most serious), which allowed the Crown to ensure justice was administered locally and efficiently
PRICES AND WAGES JPS
JPs could fix wages and prices (e.g., of grain in times of famine), giving them economic control and tying local prosperity to royal policy
RELGIOSU ENFORCEMENT JPS
They enforced religious conformity, such as collecting fines from Catholics (recusancy fines) and compiling lists of non-attenders at church, supporting the Crown’s religious policies
JP TAX COLLECTION
JPs were involved in assessing and collecting subsidies (taxes), ensuring royal revenue was efficiently gathered and making local elites responsible for the financial health of the monarchy
JPS APPOINTED BY ???
JPs were appointed (and could be removed) by the monarch or Lord Chancellor, ensuring loyalty. The Crown regularly issued commissions and instructions, and could threaten dismissal for non-compliance, maintaining central oversight and discipline
WHAT FOSTERED COOPERATION FOR TAXES SUBSIDIES
PARLIAMENT APPROVAL
SUBSIDY - WHY IT SEEMED FAIR?
RICH GOT TAXED MORE, POOR GOT TAXED LESS
LED TO LESS RESENTMENT
WHY DID SUBSIDY REDUCE REGIONAL HARDSHIP
FOCUS ON INDIVIDUAL WEALTH
WHAT DID SUBSIDY ASSESS
LAND, WAGES, VALUE OF POSSESSIONS
HOW WAS SUBSIDY ASSESSED
BY EACH PERSONS ABILITY TO PAY
PAY TAX FOR WEALTHIEST ASSESSMENT
SEPERATE ASSESSMENT FOR NOBLES - HIGHER THE RANK, MORE THE PAY
WHO WAS APPOINTED IN REGIONS TO HELP W/ SUBSIDY
LOCAL OFFICILAS WHO WERE UNDER OATH TO ASSESS EACH PERSON WEALTH
LOCAL OFFICIALS DRAWN FROM WHO?
THE JPS WHO WERE MONITORED BY NATIONAL COMMISIONERS
CORUPTION AND THE SUBSIDIES - INDIVIDUAL INCOME
TAXPAYERS LIED ABOUT THEIR INCOME EG CECIL WHO HAD 4K INCOME A YEAR, BUT SAID IT WAS 133£, 6S, 8D.
CORRUPTION AND SUBSIDY - COUNTIES
BAD LOCAL RECORD KEEPING
1523 - 17K TAXPAYERS ASSESSED
1566 - ONLY 7700
ELIZABETH RESPONSE TO CORRUPT SUBSIDIES??
NOTHING
JUST ASKED FOR MORE TAX
EG 1601 - GOT 4 SUBSIDIES AND 8 15S AND 10THS
WHATS SURPRISING ABOUT THESE SUBSIDIES
DIDNT RESULT IN TAX REVOLTS UNLIKE IN HENRY 7 TIME HE HAD 2 TAX REVOLTTS 1489 AND 1497
SO SUBSIDIE NOT GREAT OF FACTOR IN GETTING LOCAL COOPERATION????
SUBSIDY PROBLEMS IN HENRY TIME
1523 WOLSEY DENIED 800K IN SUBSIDY HAD TO GET LESS
HAD TO GET TAXES IN INSTALMENTS, BUT 2ND ONE IN FEB 1525 MOST PAYMENTS LATE
AMICABLE GRANT 1525 CAUSED REVOLT - 10K MEN MASSED AT SUFFOLK
